2. 外语
  3. (1)"Masterpieces are dumb." wrote Flaubert. "They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals an

(1)"Masterpieces are dumb." wrote Flaubert. "They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals an

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问题     (1)"Masterpieces are dumb." wrote Flaubert. "They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals and mountains." He might have been thinking of War and Peace, that vast, silent work, unfathomable and simple, provoking endless questions through the majesty of its being. Tolstoy’s simplicity is "overpowering," says the critic Bayley, "disconcerting," because it comes from "his casual assumption that the world is as he sees it"; like other 19th century Russian writers he is "impressive" because he "means what he says." But he stands apart from all others and from most Western writers in his identity with life, which is so complete as to make us forget he is an artist. He is the center of his work, but his egocentricity is of a special kind. "Goethe, for example," says Bayley, "cared for nothing but himself." Tolstoy was nothing but himself.
    (2)For all his varied modes of writing and the multiplicity of characters in his fiction, Tolstoy and his work are of a piece. The famous "conversion" of his middle years, movingly recounted in his Confession, was a culmination of his early spiritual life, not a departure from it. The apparently fundamental changes that led from epic narrative to dogmatic parable, from a joyous, buoyant attitude toward life to pessimism and cynicism, from War and Peace to The Kreutzer Sonata, came from the same restless, impressionable depths of an independent spirit yearning to get at the truth of its experience. "Truth is my hero." wrote Tolstoy in his youth, reporting the fighting in Sebastopol. Truth remained his hero—his own, not others’ truth. Others were awed by Napoleon, believed that a single man could change the destinies of nations, adhered to meaningless rituals, formed their tastes on established canons of art. Tolstoy reversed all preconceptions, and in every reversal he overthrew the "system", the "machine", the externally ordained belief, the conventional behavior in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.
    (3)In his work the artificial and genuine are always exhibited in dramatic opposition: the supposedly great Napoleon and the truly great, unregarded little Captain Tushin, or Nicholas Rostov’s actual experience in battle and his later account for it. The simple is always pitted against the elaborate. Knowledge gained from observation against assertions of borrowed faiths. Tolstoy’s magical simplicity is a produce of these tensions; his work is a record of the questions he put to himself and of his fiction exemplify this search, and their happiness depends on the measure of their answer. Tolstoy wanted happiness, but only hard-won happiness, that emotional fulfillment and intellectual clarity which could come only as the price of all-consuming effort. He scorned lesser satisfaction.
The author quotes from Bayley to show that Tolstoy _____.
选项 A、writes novels that are reports of copying actual events
B、maintains no self-conscious distance from his experience
C、often writes his works in a quite simple way
D、works casually to make his works with inexplicable truth
答案B
解析 第1段指出，托尔斯泰的作品难懂，是因为他那个不经意的设想“世界是如同他看到的那个样子”；“他怎么想就怎么说”：而且他对生活的认识非常全面。据此可以推断作者的意图是说托尔斯泰的作品非常贴近实际生活，而B的表述最贴近原文意思，故为答案。
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