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  3. During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of the income distribu tion have essentially been flat,

During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of the income distribu tion have essentially been flat,

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问题     During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of the income distribu tion have essentially been flat, while wages for the poorest 10 percent of workers have fallen. At all income levels, women earn less on average than men do.
    Since wages for the lowest income group have fallen while wages at the highest income group have grown, income inequality has also increased. However, while there’ s lots of talk about the adverse consequences of growing income inequality, it’s really poverty, not income inequality, that’s the problem. And, poverty is a particularly big problem for women and girls, who make up more than half the people living in poverty.
    Poverty has harmful consequences for women. Economist Barry Bosworth at the Brookings Institution looked at life expectancy for women. As Bosworth’ s research paper reported, while life expectancy generally increases over time, that’ s not the case for low-income women. A woman born in 1940 who is at the bottom of the income distribution has seen her life expectancy shrink by 2.1 years relative to the same low-income women born 20 years earlier.
    A good way to raise the wages of women is to raise the education levels of women. The more e-ducated a woman is, the more income she earns. Economist David Autor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the median woman with a college degree earned about $23, 000 more a year than a woman who terminated her education once she earned her high school diploma.
    There’ s another way to increase wages. According to the Economic Policy Institute, there are some unpleasant explanations for low wages. Some employers inappropriately classify workers as independent contractors and some employers engage in "wage theft". Government is trying best to do something about this. "Wage theft" occurs when employers do things like pay less than the minimum wage, don’t pay overtime rates, and require unpaid work, and seems to be a wide-spread problem. Since women make up two-thirds of workers in amount of service industries—where such problems occur frequently—such as fast-food industry, they’d likely benefit from reduced wage theft.
It can be inferred from Para. 2 that the real problem for income inequality is______.
选项 A、women have not got the same right to earn enough money that equals to men’s during the past thirty four years
B、the wealth gap between women with low-level income and those with high-level income has been increased
C、there are more women than men belonging to the group of the poorest 10 percent of workers nowadays
D、poverty is a serious problem for women rather than girls, since women make up more than half the people living in a bad financial situation
答案C
解析 推断题。短文第二段第二句指出it’s really poverty，not income inequality．即真正的问题其实是贫困，而不是贫富差距。C项的意思是说在最穷的那部分人中女性比男性多，这一句话显然是在传达女性贫穷问题十分严重，这与第二段的主旨吻合。故选项C正确。
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大学英语四级

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