首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
admin
2014-06-13
34
问题
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain’s physical deterioration.
(46)
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news", said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit.
(47)
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(48)
Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex.
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage", Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood".
There is, however, a "remarkable range" of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(49)
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown.
(50)
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
选项
答案
科菲和同事们通过测量大脑周围脑脊液的体积而测算出大脑皮层的萎缩程度。脑脊液越多,脑皮层萎缩得就越多。
解析
句子框架是Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊液)surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid,the greater the cortical(脑皮层的)shrinkage。前一句是个简单句,直译即可,其中介词by引导的部分作方式状语;surrounding the brain现在分词作定语修饰fluid;后一句是the more...the more...句型。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/fvMRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Selectiontoparticipateinatopexecutive-educationprogramisanimportantrungontheladdertotopcorporatejobs.U.S.cor
Selectiontoparticipateinatopexecutive-educationprogramisanimportantrungontheladdertotopcorporatejobs.U.S.cor
Accordingtothetext,theSupremeCourtruledthat______.Theword"rampaging"(Para2)denotes______.
Accordingtothetext,"amassexodus"(Para.6)mostprobablymeansItcaninferredfromthetextthatgovernmentbureaus
Untilthelate1940s,whentelevisionbeganfindingitswayintoAmericanhomes,companiesreliedmainlyonprintandradiotop
CollegesportsintheUnitedStatesareahugedeal.AlmostallmajorAmericanuniversitieshavefootball,baseball,basketball
CollegesportsintheUnitedStatesareahugedeal.AlmostallmajorAmericanuniversitieshavefootball,baseball,basketball
CuiWei,yourfriend,haswonaspeechcontest.Writealettertohimto1)expressyourcongratulationsonhimandhisperforma
Yourschool’sStudentUnionisofferingEnglishtutoringservicestochildrenatasmallfee.AsamemberoftheStudentUnion,
ThatMicrosoft’sthreetasksarecollidingisreflectedinthefactthat______.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothe"
随机试题
夹紧工具是用于扩大或撑紧装配件的一种工具。()
患者,女性,66岁。体萤98kg,因急性心肌梗死而急诊入院。入院查体:神志清楚,心率120次/分,律齐。心电图提示前壁广泛性缺血性改变。此时,护士最好给患者安置
某区人民法院以抢劫罪判处王某有期徒刑3年。一审生效后,市人民检察院发现王某的抢劫行为是非常恶劣的,区人民法院判处其3年有期徒刑畸轻,对此案按照审判监督程序进行再审。下列检察院提起抗诉的方法错误的是( )。
每公顷建筑用地上容纳的建筑物的总建筑面积是指()
项目型生产物流的特征不包括()。
苏菜主要由()四种风味组成。
简述希腊化时期教育的变化表现在哪几方面。
(2017年真题)下列关于法治思维的理解,正确的是
信息处理时,下列( )信息处理量相对较小。
A、Theweatheroflastnight.B、Thedesertsintheworld.C、ThecauseofDeathValley.D、Theman’scampinginthedesert.D事实细节题。
最新回复
(
0
)