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  3. Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance

Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance

admin2013-11-07  31
问题     Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.
    Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.
    Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration.
    The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied " new car odor. "
The underlined word "duplicated" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.
选项 A、make double
B、make a copy of
C、produce something equal to
D、take from
答案C
解析 推断题型。从第二段前几句得知：Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized．(有些天然香料可以很容易地进行人工合成。)Other fragrances，however，havedozens，even hundreds of components．(而有些却包含有几十甚至上百种成分一一言外之意，较难合成。)Only recently has it been possible to separateand identify these ingredients b
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