首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplast
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplast
admin
2015-05-24
30
问题
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplasticity. But until recently, they didn’t know what causes gray matter to become plastic, to begin changing. Breakthrough research by a team at MIT’s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory has documented one type of environmental feedback thattriggers plasticity: success. Equally important and somewhat surprising Its opposite, failure, has no impact.
Earl Miller, the lead researcher on the study, says understanding the link to environmental feedback is crucial to improving how people teach and motivate because it’s a big part of how we learn. But we absorb more from success than from failure, according to the study.
Miller’s researchers gave monkeys a simple learning task: They presented one of two pictures. If it was Picture A, the monkeys were supposed to look to the left; if Picture B, to the right. When the monkeys looked in the correct direction, they were rewarded with a drop of juice. All the while the team recorded brain function.
"Neurons (cells specialized to conduct nerve impulses) in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, where the brain tracks success and failure, sharpened their tuning after success," says Miller. What’s more, those changes lingered for several seconds, making brain activity more efficient the next time the monkey did the task. Thereafter, each success was processed more efficiently. That is, the monkey had learned. "But after failure," Miller points out, "there was little change in brain activity." In other words,the brain didn’t store any information about what went wrong and use it the next time. The monkey just tried, tried again.
Miller says this means that on a neurological level, success is actually a lot more informative than failure. If you get a reward, the brain remembers what it did right. But with failure (unless there is a clear negative consequence, like the shock a child feels when she sticks something in an electrical outlet), the brain isn’t sure what to store, so it doesn’t change at all.
Does this research confirm the management tenet of focusing on your—and your team’s—strengths and successes? Miller cautions against making too tidy a connection between his findings and an environment like the workplace, but he offers this suggestion: "Maybe the lesson is to know that the brain will learn from success, and you don’t need to dwell on that. You need to pay more attention to failures and challenge why you fail."
According to Miller’s study, failure as an environmental feedback
选项
A、has a great impact on our neuro-system.
B、can cause gray matter to become plastic.
C、plays a more important role in learning than success.
D、provides less benefits than success.
答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据failure定位至第一段最后一句话和第二段最后一句话。由第二段可知相比失败,我们能从成功中学到更多,故D项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/azFRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theword"outsource"(Paragraph1)maybebestreplacedbyMaryEberstadtwouldmostlyagree
[A]Theywhoknownothinglistenmore[B]Womensupportisessential[C]Womenwhocreatepink-collarindustry[D]Women:backbo
Ofallthecutstopublicservices,fewhaveprovokedsuchloudprotestsasproposalstocloselibraries.Petitionsandcursesh
Duringtherecession,joblosseswerenotequitablyshared;employmentratesfellmoreforsomegroupsthanothers.Itisalsow
Thenatureofthedream-stateishighlysubjectiveandatrulypersonalexperiencemakingthescientificanalysisofdreamingso
Youhavelosttheoriginalofadiplomayoureceivedfromacollegewhereyoustudied.Writetothedirectorofthecollegetoa
Theideaofownershipiseverywhere.Titledeedsestablishandprotectownershipofourhouses,whilesecurityofpropertyisas
Theideaofownershipiseverywhere.Titledeedsestablishandprotectownershipofourhouses,whilesecurityofpropertyisas
Traditionally,thelabormarketisseenasamechanismforpairingpeoplewithjobsinwhichmatchingcannottakeplaceinstantl
EveryyearLesWexner,theownerofVictoria’sSecret,alingerie(女士内衣)retailer,takesamonthofftotraveltheworldlookingf
随机试题
为了鉴别小原始粒细胞白血病与急性淋巴细胞白血病,下列首选试验是
根据《中华人民共和国招标投标法》,由同一专业的单位组成的联合体投标时,按照()单位确定资质等级。
(用户名:31;账套:301;操作日期:2013年1月1日)打开考生文件夹下的“利润分配表简表1.rep”,完成下列操作后,将报表以原文件名进行保存。(1)设置表尺寸为12行5列。(2)将第1行单元格合并。
认知行为疗法的主要流派包括()。
造大楼得先设计图纸,然后造楼,这说明()。
根据以下资料,回答下题。2011年全年上海市接待国际旅游入境人数817.57万人次,比上年下降3.9%。其中,入境外国人648.31万人次,下降2.6%;港、澳、台同胞169.26万人次,下降8.7%。在国际旅游入境人数中,过夜旅游人数668.61万人次
下列关于公文分类的说法正确的是()。
变元
英语“Hewritesaletter”,动词writes中的-s表示的语法意义是()。
TheBilingualBrainWhenKarlKimimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesfromKoreaasateenager,hehadahardtimelearningEngl
最新回复
(
0
)