2. 外语
  3. Which of the following most logically completes the argument? The last members of a now-extinct species of a European wild deer

Which of the following most logically completes the argument? The last members of a now-extinct species of a European wild deer

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问题 Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
The last members of a now-extinct species of a European wild deer called the giant deer lived in Ireland about 16,000 years ago. Prehistoric cave paintings in France depict this animal as having a large hump on its back. Fossils of this animal, however, do not show any hump. Nevertheless, there is no reason to conclude that the cave paintings are therefore inaccurate in this regard, since_________.
选项 A、some prehistoric cave paintings in France also depict other animals as having a hump
B、fossils of the giant deer are much more common in Ireland than in France
C、animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize
D、the cave paintings of the giant deer were painted well before 16,000 years ago
E、only one currently existing species of deer has any anatomical feature that even remotely resembles a hump
答案C
解析 Argument Construction
Situation Representations found in prehistoric cave paintings in France of the now-extinct giant deer species—the last members of which lived in Ireland about 16,000 years ago—depict the deer as having a hump on its back. Fossils of the deer, however, do not feature a hump.
Reasoning What point would most logically complete the argument? That is, what would show that the cave paintings are not inaccurate even though fossils of the giant deer show no hump? How could it be the case that the paintings show a hump while the fossils do not? One way in which this could be so is if the humps are not part of the fossils—that is, if there is some reason why a hump would not be preserved with the rest of an animal’s remains.
A We do not know whether these other cave paintings accurately depict the animals as having humps, so this provides no reason to think that the depictions of giant deer are accurate.
B Where giant deer fossils are found has no bearing on whether cave paintings of giant deer that show a hump on the animal’s back are inaccurate. It could be that this suggests that the painters responsible for the representations would not be very familiar with the species; if this were so, it would give some reason to conclude that the representations were inaccurate.
C Correct. This statement properly identifies a point that logically completes the argument. A hump would not be found as part of a giant deer’s fossilized remains if the humps were fatty tissue that would not be fossilized.
D That the cave paintings were painted well before 16,000 years ago shows that they were executed before the giant deer became extinct, but this does not help to explain the discrepancy between the paintings’ depiction of a hump on the deer’s back and the fossil record’s lack of such a hump. It could be that ever though the cave painters coexisted with the giant deer, they were not sufficiently familiar with them to depict them accurately.
E That currently existing species of deer lack humps, or even that one species does have a feature resembling a hump, has little bearing on whether cave paintings in France accurately depict the giant deer as having a hump.
The correct answer is C.
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