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People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists

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问题     People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again【C1】________that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by【C2】________: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.
    A different and not mutually exclusive【C3】________holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one【C4】________by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives【C5】________, people will simply become lazy and depressed.【C6】________, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for【C7】________Americans. Also, some research suggests that the【C8】________for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting【C9】________poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many【C10】________the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
    But it doesn’t【C11】________follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the【C12】________of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the【C13】________of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could【C14】________strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the【C15】________of work may be a bit overblown. "Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential," says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.
    These days, because leisure time is relatively【C16】________for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional【C17】________of their jobs. "When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel【C18】________," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different" —perhaps different enough to throw himself【C19】________a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for【C20】________matters.
【C4】
选项 A、characterized
B、divided
C、balanced
D、measured
答案A
解析 本题考查动词辨析。本填空的动词是被动语态的形式，处于一个独立主格结构中。本动词的主语是代词one，而one指代的是前句中的the future，即本文讨论的主题是“没有工作的未来”，本填空之后的句子信息是by purposelessness。分析到这里，考生应该注意到文章的第一段中出现过相同的句子结构，即第一段的第三句，通过对比可以发现第一段的第三句与本句采用的是同样的句子结构，是明显的复现结构。与本填空的动词相对应的复现已知动词是defined(定义，说明)，则本填空的答案就是选择一个与defined意思最相近或同义的选项，因此A项characterized(具有……特性；描绘)是正确答案，其他三个选项的意思均与题意无关。
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