首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)According to historical evidence, the Chinese have used chopsticks since the time of the Shang Dynasty(ca 1766-1066 BCE). The
(1)According to historical evidence, the Chinese have used chopsticks since the time of the Shang Dynasty(ca 1766-1066 BCE). The
admin
2016-12-06
14
问题
(1)According to historical evidence, the Chinese have used chopsticks since the time of the Shang Dynasty(ca 1766-1066 BCE). The first sticks used as eating utensils were twigs that the hungriest eaters used to scoop food into their mouths. This invention obviously brought added convenience to eating as the sticks made it easier to handle steaming hot food. The same ingenious idea was undoubtedly conceived in other parts of the world as well, but evidence shows that elsewhere spoon-like utensils eventually achieved greater popularity at the expense of chopsticks.
(2)The reason why chopsticks became a fixture of the Chinese table setting may be the fact that local food is often chopped up into small pieces and only rapidly heated, which makes it especially suitable for chopsticks. Another more philosophical explanation for the development is that the revered philosopher and vegetarian Kong Zi, or Confucius, would have had antipathies towards handling knives at the dinner table. He considered using knives to tear at food to be a show of barbarism. According to this theory then, the fact that chopsticks became the main eating utensils is evidence that civilized behavior gradually replaced a culture marked by brutish knife toting. Whatever the truth may be, the use of chopsticks spread from China to Korea and Japan around the year 500. And the populations of these three nations have tightly held on to their chopsticks ever since.
(3)Chopsticks are mainly made out of wood or bamboo, but some are also made from jade, ivory, silver, steel and nowadays even plastic. Sticks made from bamboo have the advantage of being cheap and their surface is naturally slightly coarse, which makes it easier to balance food on them. On the other hand, these materials tend to warp and break quite easily in use, which makes a strong case for favoring chopsticks made of metal, except for the fact that they are very slippery and tend to clank against the teeth quite annoyingly.
(4)Legend has it that Chinese emperors used to prefer silver chopsticks because the material reacted to poisons that assassins put in food by turning black.
(5)Food etiquette in China is significantly more tolerant than in Japan or Korea. The Chinese consider it to be completely polite to raise a bowl to one’s lips, at least in one’s home, and scoop food over the rim into the mouth with the help of chopsticks. The Chinese prefer to cook their rice quite sticky, so it is not as difficult as one might think to eat it with chopsticks. Noodle soup is also another delicacy that is eaten, true to Chinese style, quite flexibly but noisily with chopsticks. The only absolute taboo regarding chopsticks is that they should never be left to stand in the middle of a heap of rice in a bowl as this evokes food offerings and incense sticks.
(6)Disposable chopsticks were invented at the end of the 19th century, and they soon became a hit product throughout Asia. Today, the fad for using disposable chopsticks has become a significant environmental problem, as about 45 billion pairs of them are used annually in China alone. Producing such a huge amount of chopsticks requires 1.7 million cubic meters of wood. Last year, the central government added a five percent tax to disposable chopsticks to help curb waste.
According to Confucius,______people should use chopsticks instead of knives.
选项
A、philosophical
B、vegetarian
C、cultivated
D、graceful
答案
C
解析
第2段第3句中的barbarism表明孔子认为用刀叉进食是未开化的表现,而下一句的civilized表明他认为文明人应该使用筷子,C与civilized含义最相近,为本题答案。A、B都利用了原文第2段第2句的词汇,但philosophical是作者对这段“历史”的看法,不是孔子的看法,而孔子自己是vegetarian,但根据他的看法,是不是vegetarian并不重要,重要的是“文明的人”就要用筷子;D的含义比civilized的含义要窄得多,不能完全表达civilized的意思,所以不能选。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/ZdnMFFFM
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Fiftyyearsago,mostpeople’sdailylevelsofactivitywereequivalenttowalkingthreetofivemilesaday.Today,the【C1】____
Itisoftensaidthatpolitenesscostsnothing.Infact,itseemsthatalittlemorecourtesycould【C1】______businesses£5bil
Ourofficehasrecently______toanewcomputersystem.
Toerrishumanandtoforgivedivine,accordingtotheoldadage.Humanswhoforgiveare【C1】______toexperiencesignificantph
"Thegirlstandingunderthetreeisreallycharming"hasallthefollowingpossiblemeaningsEXCEPT______.
Aftereatingsomuchspicyfood,hecouldn’t______aword.
Thegovernmenthastriedtoforge______withenvironmentalists.
AmericanHistoryisoneoftheelectivestudiesintheuniversity______.
Accordingtothepassage,theaverageIQis______.
Atoughanti-smokinglawhas【D1】______inSpain.Theban—oneofthestrictestinEurope—【D2】______smokinginallbarsandresta
随机试题
A.宫颈刮片细胞学检查B.颈管搔刮活组织检查C.阴道镜下活组织检查D.分段诊刮活组织检查E.碘试验后宫颈活组织检查宫颈鳞癌用
某奶牛场,部分奶牛体温升至40~42℃,精神沉郁,厌食,鼻、眼有浆液性分泌物,鼻镜及口腔黏膜表面糜烂,舌面上皮坏死,流涎增多,呼气恶臭。随后发生严重腹泻,带有黏液和血。部分牛蹄叶炎及趾间皮肤糜烂坏死、跛行。髻甲、颈部及耳后皮肤出现明显皮屑状。1个月内,发病
下列关于成釉细胞瘤临床表现的描述,不正确的是
依据《企业破产法》的规定,下列有关企业破产法中的债权人会议,说法正确的是:
存货人与仓储保管人签订仓储合同以后,仓储保管人在收到存货人交付的仓储物时,影响存货人开具()。
甲、乙两个国有企业出资设立丙有限责任公司。下列关于丙有限责任公司组织机构的表述中,不符合公司法律制度规定的是()。
小孔是取得导游证不到半年的新导游,2013年12月19日是他第一次带团。头一天接到带团任务后,他仔细阅读了接待计划,接的是北京某旅行社的客人。旅游团乘坐SC1156航班于13:05从北京首都机场起飞,13:55飞抵济南遥墙国际机场。小孔按规定提前半个小时到
设有如下通用过程:PublicFunctionf(xAsInteger)DimyAsIntegerx=10:y=5f=x*yEndFunction
ElectronRecyclinghasdevelopedaprofitablebusinessbyrecyclingmetalsretrievedfrom______electroniccomponents.
DanteGabrielRossetti,thefamous19th-centurypoetandartist,wasonceapproachedbyanelderlyman.Theoldfellowhadsome
最新回复
(
0
)