John Hewitt studies the biology of intelligence. He’ s also a parent. Over the years. Hewitt has drawn on his scientific knowled

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问题        John Hewitt studies the biology of intelligence. He’ s also a parent. Over the years. Hewitt has drawn on his scientific knowledge in making parenting decisions.
       "I’m a father of four children myself. I never worried too much about the environments that I was providing for my children because I thought, it would all work out in the end anyway——aren’t the genes especially powerful?" Hewitt said. He knew intelligence has a strong biological part. If your parents are smart. You’ll probably be smart.
       But recently, Hewitt discovered something that surprised him. "Well, I may have been wrong." he admits. It is the environmental increase you can get, or the harm you can suffer through hard times that may be a little more important in adolescence(青春期) than I had thought.
       Hewitt and other researchers recently noticed that kids who had higher IQs to begin with seemed to have an extended period in adolescence during which they kept the ability to learn at a rapid pace, just like much younger children.
       "It was as if there was an extended sensitive period in the higher IQ individuals. Or another way of looking at it is that the sensitivity to the environment which is characteristic of earlier childhood seems to end earlier for individuals with a lower IQ." Hewitt said. Smart kids may tend to take part in challenging activities and this keeps them ready to consider learning. Or it could be that genes that lead to a high IQ also cause an extended learning period.
       An extended learning period does not necessarily mean a further increase in the IQ. But a very smart teenager with an extended "sensitive period" of learning might be able to pick up a new language or a musical instrument. Such learning can have long-term benefits.
       "Even if in the end the IQ ends up being determined to a large extent by the genes, if there’s been a period where the environment makes a difference, that could have lifelong consequences." Hewitt said.
The underlined part "this" in paragraph 5 refers to___________.

选项 A、smart kids
B、cause an extended learning period
C、individuals with a lower IQ
D、take part in challenging activities

答案D

解析 根据前一句话可知,聪明的孩子趋向于参加有挑战性的活动,因此这句的this是代指参加有挑战性的活动。故本题选D。
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