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  3. Unlike the private enterprise model, which is the foundation of the U. S. health care system, Canada has a health care system ba

Unlike the private enterprise model, which is the foundation of the U. S. health care system, Canada has a health care system ba

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问题     Unlike the private enterprise model, which is the foundation of the U. S. health care system, Canada has a health care system based on different principles: 1) Universality: everyone is covered. 2) Portability: people can move from province to province and from job to job, or be unemployed , and they will still be covered. 3) Comprehensiveness: the plan covers all medically necessary treatment. 4) Public administration; the system is publicly run and publicly accountable.
    Since 1947 Canada has had a tax-supported health care system in which every Canadian is covered for the costs of all medically necessary services. Under this plan, each citizen is issued a health card by the government, which is presented when health care is received. Using tax money, the government pays back physicians and hospitals, based on a fee schedule determined by the government, not the market. The keys are that the health services are paid for by the government and all Canadians have equal access to the care they need. Canadians can select any doctor they like. The plan is a "single payer"plan, with the doctors billing the provincial insurance plans directly (the government of each Canadian province pays the medical bills of its citizens). For patients, there are no bills, claim forms, fees, and long waits for compensations from insurance carriers.
    The key difference between the Canadian system and that in the United States is that "in Canada health care is considered a social right, while in the United States it is treated more like a commodity".
    The usual arguments against such a plan are that it is inefficient and costly. In Canada’s case, health care is administered more efficiently, at less cost, and with better results, than the health care system in the United States. The results, as measured by infant mortality and life expectancy, show that Canada is ahead of the United States. Administrative costs are less in Canada (about one-fourth of U. S. administrative expenses for physicians, hospitals, and insurance companies).
    The Canadian health care system is not perfect. Canadians have less access than Americans to the latest technological innovations. There may be waits for those not needing immediate surgeries. But despite some small problems, most Canadians like their health care system. A Gallup Poll in 1991 revealed, for example, that 91 percent of Canadians rated their health care system better than that in the United States, compared to only 26 percent of Americans who felt their system was superior to that in Canada.
We learn from the text that
选项 A、Canadians have easy access to any type of medical care they want.
B、the Canadian government compensates every citizen for medical expenses.
C、a medical care is issued once a citizen seeks medical care.
D、the principle of demand and supply does not apply in the Canadian system.
答案D
解析 A项与文中最后一段第二句相悖；由第二段第一句可知税收承担的是公民所有必要的医疗费，B项过于绝对化；C项与第二段第二旬相悖。第二段第三句知加拿大医疗体制下医疗费用标准由政府而非市场决定，因而市场经济中的基本规律——供求规律在该体制下也就不适用。
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