2. 考研
  3. [A] What, precisely, qualifies someone as a workaholic? There’s still no single accepted medical definition. But psychologists h

[A] What, precisely, qualifies someone as a workaholic? There’s still no single accepted medical definition. But psychologists h

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问题 [A] What, precisely, qualifies someone as a workaholic? There’s still no single accepted medical definition. But psychologists have tried to distinguish people merely devoted to their careers from the true addicts. A seminal 1992 paper on how to measure the condition argued that sufferers work not only compulsively but also with little enjoyment. Newer diagnostic tests attempt to single out those who binge and then suffer from withdrawal—just as someone would with, say, a gambling or cocaine habit.
[B] Oates coined the now-ubiquitous term in a 1968 essay, in which he confessed that his own addiction to industriousness had been a disorder akin to substance abuse. Of course, he acknowledged, workaholism is much more socially respectable than drinking a fifth a day—more the sort of personality trait that might help someone, say, earn an obit in the paper of record.
[C] The condition may well have a certain social cachet; as the psychologist Bryan Robinson once put it, work addiction might be "the best-dressed mental health problem" of them all. In one of the rare economic studies on the subject, researchers found that the educated and affluent were much more likely than lower-income Americans to put off retirement, a possible sign of workaholism in action.
[D] Even as the precise outlines of workaholism remain a bit fuzzy, various studies have tried to identify its physical and emotional effects. At the risk of carrying on like a Pfizer ad: research has associated it with sleep problems, weight gain, high blood pressure, anxiety, and depression. That’s to say nothing of its toll on family members. Perhaps unsurprisingly, spouses of workaholics tend to report unhappiness with their marriages. Having a workaholic parent is hardly better. A study of college undergraduates found that children of workaholics scored 72 percent higher on measures of depression than children of alcoholics. They also exhibited more-severe levels of "parentification"—a term family therapists use for sons and daughters who, as the paper put it, "are parents to their own parents and sacrifice their own needs... to accommodate and care for the emotional needs and pursuits of parents or another family member".
[E] In Japan, there’s a word for death by overwork—karoshi. The country’s courts have even recognized it as a basis for wrongful-death suits.
[F] How many people are true workaholics? One recent estimate suggests that about 10 percent of U. S. adults might qualify; the proportion is as high as 23 percent among lawyers, doctors, and psychologists. Still more people may be inclined to call themselves workaholics, whether or not they actually are: in 1998, 27 percent of Canadians told the country’s General Social Survey that they were workaholics, including 38 percent of those with incomes over $80,000. (Even among those with no income, 22 percent called themselves workaholics! Presumably some were busy homemakers and students.)
[G] When the American psychologist Wayne Oates died in 1999, The New York Times began his obituary by noting two facts. First, the man had authored an astonishing 57 books. Second—and presumably not coincidentally—he had invented the word workaholic.

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选项
答案G
解析 本文是围绕工作狂展开的，主要讨论了“工作狂”这个术语的来源、定义、影响及其患者情况。根据英文文章的一般结构可知，第一段应该先引出“工作狂”这个话题及其来源。七个选项中，[G]指出美国心理学家韦恩.奥茨的讣告中提到他创造了“工作狂”这个词，因此为正确答案。
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