2. 考研
  3. Every September, the campuses of Peking and Tsinghua Universities, dubbed the Harvard and M. I. T. of China, brim with bright-ey

Every September, the campuses of Peking and Tsinghua Universities, dubbed the Harvard and M. I. T. of China, brim with bright-ey

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问题    Every September, the campuses of Peking and Tsinghua Universities, dubbed the Harvard and M. I. T. of China, brim with bright-eyed new students, the winners of China’s cutthroat education system. These young men and women possess the outlook of cosmopolitan youth worldwide: sporting designer clothes and wielding smart phones, they share experiences of foreign travel and bond over common fondness for Western television shows such as "The Big Bang Theory" and "Sherlock. "
   They are destined for bright futures: In a few decades, they will fill high-powered positions in government and become executives in state banks and multinational companies. But their ever-expanding career possibilities belie the increasingly narrow slice of society they represent.
   China’s state education system, which offers nine years of compulsory schooling and admits students to colleges strictly through exam scores, is often hailed abroad as a paradigm for educational equity. The impression is reinforced by Chinese students’ consistently good performance in international standardized tests. But this reputation is a myth.
   While China has phenomenally expanded basic education for its people, quadrupling its output of college graduates in the past decade, it has also created a system that discriminates against its less wealthy and poorly connected citizens, thwarting social mobility at every step with bureaucratic and financial barriers.
   A huge gap in educational opportunities between students from rural areas and those from cities is one of the main culprits. Some 60 million students in rural schools are "left-behind" children, cared for by their grandparents as their parents seek work in faraway cities. While many of their urban peers attend schools equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and well-trained teachers, rural students often huddle in decrepit school buildings and struggle to grasp advanced subjects such as English and chemistry amid a dearth of qualified instructors.
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答案 每年九月，在常被誉为“中国哈佛和麻省理工”的北京大学和清华大学的校园里，都会遍布神采奕奕的大一新生，他们是从中国千军万马挤独木桥的教育体制中脱颖而出的优胜者。这些少男少女们与他们在其他国家的同龄人一样国际范儿十足：穿着潮流新品，拿着智能手机，他们或分享出国旅行的见闻，或发现彼此趣味相投，都爱看英美电视剧，如《生活大爆炸》和《神探夏洛克》。 他们注定拥有光明的前途：几十年后，他们将进入政府高层机关，或是掌舵国有银行及跨国公司。然而在他们似锦前程的背后，却是他们所代表的日益狭窄的社会阶层。 中国提供九年义务教育，并将考试分数作为唯一标准选拔大学生，这在国外也常常被褒奖为促进教育均等分配的典范。中国学生在国际标准的考试中耀眼的成绩似乎也进一步印证了这样的看法。但中国教育获得的这些赞誉或许只是虚名。 虽然中国在民众中极大地普及了基础教育，让大学毕业生人数在过去10年里翻了四倍，但另一方面它也造就了一个歧视无钱无权民众的体制，以权钱为障，阻碍每一步的社会流动。 导致这个问题的罪魁祸首之一，便是城乡学生受教育机会的巨大差异。农村有6 000万左右的“留守”儿童，由于父母去了遥远的城市打工，他们由爷爷奶奶带大。当城市的许多同龄人在设备一流的校园里读书，由训练有素的教师辅导时，这些农村孩子却常常蜷缩在破败不堪的教室里，在合格师资不足的情况下艰难地学习英语、化学等高难度科目。
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