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  3. It’s difficult to imagine a world without antibiotics. They cure diseases that killed our ancestors in crowds, and enable any nu

It’s difficult to imagine a world without antibiotics. They cure diseases that killed our ancestors in crowds, and enable any nu

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问题     It’s difficult to imagine a world without antibiotics. They cure diseases that killed our ancestors in crowds, and enable any number of medical procedures and treatments that we now take for granted. Yet in 1945, while accepting a Nobel Prize for【C1】________penicillin, Alexander Fleming【C2】________a future in which antibiotics had been used with【C3】________and bacteria had grown resistant to them. Today, this future is approaching. Speaking to reporters last fall, Tom Frieden, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,【C4】________a similar alarm: "If we’re not【C5】________, we will soon be in a post-antibiotic era. In fact, for some patients and some bacteria, we are already there."
    The problem【C6】________overuse. Recent research by doctors at Harvard and Women’s Hospital found that the vast majority of antibiotics【C7】________for sore throats and acute bronchitis—an illness almost always caused by a【C8】________, not bacteria—are useless.
    Up to 80 percent of all antibiotics used in the U.S. each year,【C9】________, are given to animals. Antibiotics are the lifeline of the meat and poultry industries, which have used drugs to domestic animals as a means of【C10】________growth and preventing illnesses caused by overcrowding and poor conditions.
    An increasing number of bacterial【C11】________have taken the opportunity to evolve【C12】________the reach of antibiotics. The CDC’s 2013 threat report listed 17 antibiotic-resistant microorganisms that directly cause at least 23,000 deaths each year in the U.S.【C13】________Globally, drug-resistant pneumonia is an ever-increasing threat. Reported cases have【C14】________over the past nine years, killing an estimated 170,000 people last year.
    Although anti-bacterial resistance can be slowed, it is【C15】________. As a result, medicine companies have found antibiotics to be less【C16】________investments than drugs for chronic illnesses, which can be used over the long term.
    If we don’t【C17】________our use of existing antibiotics and commit to developing new ones, the risks are not just medical, but【C18】________The CDC estimates that, in the United States, antibiotic resistance already costs $20 billion in【C19】________health-care spend and $35 billion in lost productivity【C20】________.
【C20】
选项 A、lately
B、respectively
C、yearly
D、eventually
答案B
解析 本句中costs$20 billion in…and$35 billion in…说的是抗药性在两方面造成的经济损失。health-care spend与lost productivity是不同的两方面，所造成的经济损失也不相同，因此B项respectively“分别地”满足语境需要。从文章中无法判断这些经济损失是“最近”(A项lately)、“每年”(C项yearly)或“最终” (D项eventually)发生的，此三项都没有依据。
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