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  3. Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathemati

Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathemati

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问题     Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics. However, the concept of number and the counting process developed so long【C1】______the time of recorded history (there is archaeological【C2】______that counting was employed by humans as far back as 50, 000 years ago) that the【C3】______of this development is largely conjectural (推测的). Imaging how it probably came【C4】______is not difficult. The argument that humans,【C5】______in prehistoric times, had some number sense, at least【C6】______the extent of recognizing the concepts of more and less when some objects were【C7】______to or taken away from a small group, seems fair, for studies have shown that some animal possesses such a【C8】______.
    With the【C9】______evolution of society, simple counting became necessary. A tribe had to know how many members it had and how many enemies, and shepherd needed to know【C10】______the flock of sheep was decreasing in size. Probably the earliest way of keeping a count was by some simple tally (计算，记录) method,【C11】______the principle of one-to-one correspondence. In【C12】______a count of sheep, for example, one finger per sheep could be【C13】______. Counts could also be【C14】______by making scratches in the dirt or on a stone, by cutting notches in a piece of wood, or by tying knots in a string.
   【C15】______, perhaps later, an assortment of vocal【C16】______was developed as a word tally against the number of objects in a small group. And【C17】______later, with the development of writing, a set of【C18】______was invented to stand for these numbers. Such an imagined development is【C19】______by reports of anthropologists in their studies of present day societies that are【C20】______to be similar to those of early humans.
【C16】
选项 A、noises
B、sounds
C、voices
D、rhythms
答案B
解析 此句是说后来发展了一种用声音来计数的方法。[A]noises意为“噪音，喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声；[B]sounds作“声音，响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音．或物体碰撞的声音，这个词的使用范围很大，可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound;[C]voices一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice；[D]rhythms指音律。此处的vocal提示此处应填[B]sounds，voice与其重复，故排除。
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