2. 外语
  3. The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each que

The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each que

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问题 The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
   If you ask a person on the street to name the top predator in the sea, most people would probably say the great white shark. But they would be wrong. A great white shark is a relentless eating machine, superbly designed for its role at the top of the food chain, but the fact is, when a great white shark meets a killer whale, the killer whale has lunch. Not bad for an animal that is neither a whale nor a killer.
   The killer whale, known to scientists as orcinus orca, is one of the largest, fastest, and most intelligent predators in the world’s oceans. The orca is not technically a whale, but rather the largest member of the dolphin family. The name "orca" has become the preferred name for the animal, because the name "killer whale" perpetuates the myth that orcas are dangerous to humans; in fact, there has never been a recorded incident of an orca attacking a human in the wild. This is not to say, however, that orcas are not dangerous to other marine species. Orcas in the wild have been observed consuming an astonishing variety of marine species, including salmon, tuna, sharks, giant squid, penguins, sea lions, dolphins, and even other whales, which the orcas hold under water until they drown. It is thought that the English name "killer whale" came from a mistranslation of the Spanish name asesina de ballenas, or "whale killer."
   Despite decades of study, many aspects of the creatures’ life cycle and habits remain mysteries. Biologists only recently determined that there are, broadly speaking, three separate types of killer whale: residents, transients, and off shores. The residents live in large pods of up to 40 animals and primarily eat fish; these axe the most social of the killer whale types, with each pod having distinctive songs and complex social interactions. Transients are much quieter animals who roam large distances in groups of two to six while hunting marine mammals such as sea lions and dolphins. It is the transients who earned the orca the reputation of being whale killers. The third type of orca is the offshore variety, which rarely ventures toward coasts. These poorly understood animals travel in large groups, are somewhat smaller than their coastal cousins, and are thought to eat fish, sharks, and squid, but probably not other mammals.
Which of the following questions is most likely to represent one of the "mysteries" mentioned at the beginning of the third paragraph?
选项 A、Do all orcas maintain the same diet, or do some specialize in certain types of prey?
B、Is the orca more closely related to whales or to dolphins?
C、Do different orca pods exhibit any form of organization in their whale songs?
D、Do orcas view swimming humans as a desirable source of food?
E、What is the average lifespan of an orca of the offshore variety?
答案E
解析 Choice E is the only question that is not addressed in the passage, and offshore orcas are specifically described as "poorly understood." All of the other question choices are addressed in the passage: A, the passage states that resident orcas specialize in fish, while transients hunt mammals; B, the orca is "the largest member of the dolphin family;" C, the passage says of resident orcas, "these are the most social of the killer whale types, with each pod having distinctive songs and complex social interactions;" D, "in fact, there has never been a recorded incident of an orca attacking a human in the wild." E is the best answer.
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