首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way t
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way t
admin
2014-04-20
34
问题
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way to target treatment.
Fifty years after the discovery of the first direct genetic link to cancer, scientists are assessing the state of so-called targeted therapy—with nearly 30 treatments on the market and a dozen or so more under study. " We’re still not using the ’ C ’word, ’ cure,’ " cautioned medicine director Jeff Boyd of Fox Chase Cancer Center, who helped organized a meeting to examine the future of targeted therapy. But, he added, "there is real potential to transform many cancers into chronic diseases. "
One challenge is how to expand the number of targets to attack, in part by answering what the new chief of the National Cancer Institute calls the "big questions" about what makes this disease so intractable. What makes a tumor metastasize or spread through the body? Why some tumors spread and others don’t? What programs those tumor cells to invade, say, the liver instead of the bone or the lung? These are factors that undoubtedly could be new treatment targets.
A domino effect of genetic alterations is required to cause any of the 200 diseases collectively called cancer. Some occur in the person, making them more prone to illness. But tumors also have their own genetic signature—four to seven genetic changes that are critical to turning, say, a normal breast or colon or liver cell into a cancerous one, and a pattern of activity that signals how aggressive that malignancy will be. Those unique patterns also offer targets for treatment, drugs that
zero in
on the particular genetic pathways fueling the person’s cancer—and even vaccine-like therapies, a fledgling field that aims to train patients’ immune systems to recognize and fight their tumors.
As the targeted therapies work differently—shrinking a tumor or slowing its growth—than the tumor-destroying approaches of chemotherapy and radiation, it’s harder to prove a benefit. But Allison Frey, whose aggressive form of thyroid cancer spread to her liver in inoperable patches, says that approach has made her cancer an illness she can manage much like a diabetic manages insulin. For nearly five years, she has swallowed an experimental pill that shrank those patches and kept them from growing back, working through a pathway that targets a tumor’s blood supply. "Honestly, to me it’s just like any other chronic illness," said Frey, who’s part of a study at Fox Chase. "I show up for work every day and live life...with minimal issues. "
The phrase "zero in"(Line 5, Paragraph 4)most probably means______.
选项
A、take aim
B、return to zero
C、pass through
D、get involved
答案
A
解析
语义题。仅仅分析该词组所在分句很难准确得出答案,需将范围扩大至之前的分句Those uniquepatterns also offer targets for treatment…,意为“这个独特的结构为治疗提供了目标”,其中targets为关键词。顺承该句语义,drugs that zero in on the particular genetic pathways fueling the person’s cancer所表达的意思是“药物针对为肿瘤提供养分的遗传途径”,词组zero in应表达“对准目标”之意,故选项[A]正确。zero in虽有“归零”的意思,但与此处的文意不符,排除[B]项return to zero,考生要特别注意语义题中的这种“原词陷阱”。[C]项pass through“通过”利用后文单词pathways对考生造成迷惑,但与句意不符,较易排除。而[D]项get involved表示“介入”,虽意义接近,但不能表达“准确针对”之意,与前文的targets不能呼应,故也可排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/WnYRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutit【1】developapointofview.Butthis
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutit【1】developapointofview.Butthis
AccordingtocomScore,Facebookistheleadingsocialnetworkingsitebasedonmonthlyuniquevisitors,havingovertakenmainco
Theincreasinglyhighratesofjuveniledelinquencyareagreatprobleminmodemsociety.Moreandmorepeoplearepayingspecia
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.
Whenpeopleindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusuallyconcernedattheprospectoftheirbestandbrightes
随机试题
A.硫脲类制剂B.碘制剂C.普萘洛尔D.131IE.手术女性40岁,中度弥漫性甲状腺肿伴甲亢合并迁延性肝炎,且对抗甲状腺药物过敏,首选何种治疗
患者,男,45岁。诊为急性坏死性胰腺炎。入院后出现进行性呼吸困难,面罩吸氧(氧流量5L/min)后血气分析显示:pH7.48,PaO245mmHg,PaCO235mmHg,HCO3-20mmol/L。双肺可闻少量湿啰音。既往史:胆石症7年,否认高血压、冠
A.皮瓣内包含有一对知名血管B.无知名的血管供血,其长宽比例要受到一定限制C.在缺损附近的皮肤组织形成的皮瓣,供旋转用,无知名血管D.皮瓣含有一条血管蒂,经过皮下隧道而转移E.应用显微血管外科技术,将身体远处轴型皮瓣移植到缺损区随意皮瓣是指(
运用动态原理控制施工进度的步骤有( )。
公安局认定朱某嫖娟,对其拘留15日并处罚款5000元。关于此案,下列说法中不正确的是()。
对“赶”字的理解,有人说要不停走,不停干,谈谈你的理解。
航空母舰是现代海军重要的武器装备。我国根据国防建设的需要,建造了首艘航空母舰“__________”,它在完成10余次海试之后进驻__________某军港。
放得下,才能走得远!有所放弃,才能有所追求。什么也不愿放弃的人,反而会失去最珍贵的东西。有一句很经典的话:当你紧握双手,里面什么也没有;当你打开双手,世界就在你手中。懂得放弃,才能在有限的生命里活得充实、饱满、旺盛!以“舍得”为题,写一篇文章,不
,求A的全部特征值,并证明A可以对角化.
设y=y(x),由参数方程确定,则=______,=______,y=y(x)在任意点处的曲率K=______。
最新回复
(
0
)