首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2015-06-27
40
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Piaget in his hypothesis stated that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as haughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann fell bad. " Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
What’s the passage mainly about?
选项
A、An outline for future research.
B、An analysis of a dispute between two theorists.
C、An expanded definition of commonly misunderstood terms.
D、A discussion of research findings in an ongoing inquiry.
答案
D
解析
本文开篇指出研究内容是the age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations 并讲述了Keasey的新发现,因此本文是对一个尚在研究的问题的一种讨论。[A]项“对未来的研究的一个大纲”不正确。因为这个研究正在进行;[B]项“两个理论家之间争端的分析”,文章主要介绍的是有关研究的两种不同理论,而不是对两者之间争端的分析;[C]项“对普遍误解术语的扩展定义”与题意相差甚远。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/WmKMFFFM
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Whatshouldbedoneinordertofeedalargepopulation?
WhatisTRUEaboutGeneralMladic?
WhichistheCORRECTorderofAmericancollegedegree?
DiningCustomsintheUSAAmericans,likemanypeopleelsewhereintheworld,/liketoinvitefriendstotheirhomesforan
WhichofthefollowingdetailsaboutChelseaClintonandMarcMezvinskyisINCORRECT?
Humanity’sprimaleffortstosystematizetheconceptsofsize,shapes,andnumberareusuallyregardedastheearliestmathemati
Therecanbenodoubtthatthecomputerrevolutionhastouched【C1】______everypersoninthecountry【C2】______somewayorother
Doingmorningexerciseshashelpedtoimproveherhealth,______?
Thethreesuicidebombingsoccurredin______.
Janethaseventuallydecidedtogoona
随机试题
审查该行政许可申请的工作人员为听证主持人()
根据国际标准的规定,目前传真机的主扫描点密度一般为()
融资租赁关系中涉及的当事人为()
目前最主要的治疗原则应是经积极治疗病人症状消失,血糖大致正常,从长远的治疗效果,最重要的措施应是
强心苷中毒引起的室性心律失常的首选药物是
某水利工程施工项目,项目法人依据《水利水电土建工程施工合同条件》,与施工单位签订了施工合同,招标文件中的工期为270天,协议书中的工期为242天。施工中发生了下列事件:事件1:施工单位在按监理单位签发的设计文件组织施工前,发现某部位钢筋混凝土浇筑要
根据所给的经济业务资料编制会计分录。企业接受某股东以货币150000元和非专利技术进行的投资,非专利技术协商作价320000元。
监察机关可以通过()的方式,对监察对象的执法情况、廉政建设情况进行经常性的监督检查,促使其严格执法,改进工作。
一群猴子采摘水蜜桃,猴王不在的时候,一个大猴子1小时可采摘15千克,一个小猴子1小时可采摘11千克;猴王在场监督的时候,大猴子的1/5和小猴子的1/5必须停止采摘,去伺候猴王。有一天,采摘8小时,其中只有第一小时和最后一小时有猴王在场监督。结果共采摘338
有网友发帖称,8月28日从湖北襄樊到陕西安康的某次列车。其有效座位为978个,实际售票数却高达3633张。铁路局要求,普快列车超员率不得超过50%,这次列车却超过了2~70%,属于严重超员。如果以下陈述为真,哪一项最能质疑该网友的论断?
最新回复
(
0
)