首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The core of Greece’ s troubles is too much spending, too little tax-collecting and book-cooking. Spain and Ireland are in troubl
The core of Greece’ s troubles is too much spending, too little tax-collecting and book-cooking. Spain and Ireland are in troubl
admin
2019-05-09
20
问题
The core of Greece’ s troubles is too much spending, too little tax-collecting and book-cooking. Spain and Ireland are in trouble even if the percentage of their public debt in gross domestic product is much smaller than that of Germany. Italy, also in the financial markets’ crosshairs, has high public debt but a lower deficit than the eurozone’ s average.
The root of these countries’ problems is that their prices and wages have risen much faster than those of other eurozone members.
There are two ways to mitigate the pain. First, to adopt temporarily more expansionary fiscal policies for a while. Or, more powerfully, the wider euro area could adopt more expansionary monetary policies for several years. As to the second option, the "inflation fundamentalists" will have none of it. This elite consisting of central bankers, top economic officials, politicians, academics and journalists insists that it is unacceptable to allow inflation to climb above two percent.
Hyper-inflation in Germany in the 1930s and stagflation in industrial countries in the 1970s and 1980s support their view. It’ s true that moderate inflation can creep up to become high inflation. But inflation fundamentalism can also hurt. There is little if any empirical evidence that moderate inflation hurts growth. In most countries, cutting actual wages is politically difficult if not impossible. But, to regain competitiveness and balance the
books
, real wage adjustments are sometimes inevitable. A slightly higher level of inflation allows for this painful adjustment with a lower level of political conflict.
On the other hand, ultra-low inflation, in a recession, can easily become deflation. Falling prices encourage people to defer spending, which makes things worse and erodes tax payments, impairing a government’ s ability to pay debt. That in turn increases the debt’ s sizes and costs.
In addition, a single-minded focus on inflation makes it easy for policymakers to lose sight of the broader picture-asset prices, growth and employment. Policy can become too tight or too loose—as in the run-up to the crisis in the U. S. when low inflation was seen as a comforting sign that things were in order.
In a recession, ultra-low inflation also reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy since interest rates cannot go below zero. The crisis in the euro area highlights the need for a more open-minded discussion of the merits and costs of ultra-low inflation.
In the author’ s opinion, the second way to mitigate the pain is ______.
选项
A、cutting the spending
B、controlling inflation within two percent
C、ultra-low inflation
D、moderate inflation
答案
D
解析
作者并没有直接指出第二种方法,所以这道题要求在通读全文的基础上进行判断。A项在文中没有提到。B项和C项是通胀原教旨主义的观点,由第五段可知,作者并不认同这种观点。由第四段最后一句话“A slightly higher level of inflation allows for this painful adjustment with a lower level of political conflict.(通胀水平略有上升,有助于减轻这一痛苦调整所带来的政治冲突。)”可知,作者认同温和的通胀。故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/VqGsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed35minutestowriteacompositionontheInternetaccordingtothefollowingOUTLINE.
Leadersof16nationspaidapoignanttributetosurvivingveteransandthosewhodiedduringtheD-Daylandings60yearsagoth
Leadersof16nationspaidapoignanttributetosurvivingveteransandthosewhodiedduringtheD-Daylandings60yearsagoth
Industrial【21】______doesnotjusthappen.Companies【22】______lowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhard
Fathersexposedtopoisonoussubstancesareprobablyjustaslikelytobethecauseofdefectsintheirunborninfantsasmother
AconferenceheldtheotherdaybytheJointUnitfortheStudyofSocialTrendsonthequalityoflifeinLondonandNewYork,
Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegood
TheotherdayaBritishbusinessman,recentlyhavingvisitedJapan,recountedthewordsofaleadingJapaneseship-owner."Ours
IftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilrushestosendinspectorsbackintoIraqonBaghdad’spromiseofcooperationandunde
ItwasaverygoodyearfortheGlobal500,new-comersandold-comersalike.Butcanitlast?ThinkofFORTUNE’sGlobal50
随机试题
A.贫血和出血程度一致B.贫血和出血程度不一致C.有贫血而无出血D.有出血而无贫血E.无出血亦无贫血特发性血小板减少性紫癜
患下列哪种疾病时,骨髓巨核细胞明显减少
分片到货塔器的现场组焊,壳体组焊一般程序中筒节组焊的下一步是()。
人力政策主要有( )。
基金管理公司设立分支机构,无须向中国证监会报送申请材料。( )
小明是小学五年级学生,家庭是低保户。依据《关于进一步做好城乡特殊困难未成年人教育救助工作的通知》,小明应获得的教育救助是()。
小徐是利民派出所的一名社区民警,新接手管理的凤凰社区地处城乡结合部,社区内出租房、店铺摊点、建筑工地集中,情况相对复杂。为做好社区警务工作,小徐注重创新实践,发挥所学特长自主开发了“社区警务宝典”APP,并广泛应用到社区管理的各项工作中,有效提高了人口管理
下列关于我国传统节日的描述,与古代的说法或传说不相符的是:
AccordingtoLeszczynski,howdoesmobilephoneaffectone’shealth?Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldbethefutureofthe
Readthearticlebelowaboutflyingbusinessclass.Foreachquestion31-40writeonewordinthespaceonyourAnswerSheet.Th
最新回复
(
0
)