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  3. If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have. colorful dreams. But it wasn’t ’always thus

If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have. colorful dreams. But it wasn’t ’always thus

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问题     If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have. colorful dreams. But it wasn’t ’always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently  found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white. According to Eva Murzyn at the University of Dundee, there are at least two possible explanations for this strange anomaly(反常).
    The first is methodological. The early studies tended to use questionnaires, whereas more modern studies use dream diaries (filled in upon rising in the morning) or so-called "REM-awakening", which involves interrupting people’s dream-filled periods of sleep to find out what they were dreaming about. People’s memories of their dreams are likely to be less accurate using the questionnaire approach and more likely to reflect lay(世俗的) beliefs about the form dreams generally take.
    The second explanation has to do with black and white television and film. It’s possible that the boom in black and white film and television during the first half of the last century either affected the form of people’s dreams at that time, or affected their beliefs about the form dreams generally take.
    According to Murzyn’s findings, it’s the explanation based on media exposure that carries more weight. She used both questionnaire and diary methods to study the dreams of 30 older (average age 64) and 30 younger people (average age 21). The methodological technique made no difference to the type of dreams people reported. Crucially, however, across both questionnaires and diaries, the older participants (who had had significant early life exposure to black and white media) reported experiencing significantly more black and white dreams over the last ten days than the younger participants (22 per cent vs 4 per cent).
    Another finding was that older participants reported black and white dreams and color dreams to be of equal vividness. By contrast, the younger participants reported that the quality of black and white dreams was poorer. This raises the possibility that the younger participants didn’t really have any black and white dreams at all, but were simply labeling poorly remembered dreams as black and white.
    Several awkward questions are left unanswered by this study. It’s not clear if the older participants really are experiencing more black and white dreams or if it’s their memories or beliefs about dreams that is influencing their reports.
We may infer from the fourth paragraph that______.
选项 A、Murzyn’s findings have no significance
B、media exposure has no influence on people’s dreams
C、older people have more dreams than the younger
D、media exposure has a deeper influence on the elder’s dream forms
答案D
解析 细节处设题。该段主要分析媒体曝光对不同年龄人群梦的影响。由原文“年长者(他们早期的生活暴露于黑白媒体)在过去的十天里所做的黑白梦要远多于年轻人”可以推知D含义与之相符，故为答案。
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大学英语四级

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