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  3. A GUIDE TO TOXICS IN THE HOME This factsheet brings good news. There are alternatives to "household toxics". Some of these p

A GUIDE TO TOXICS IN THE HOME This factsheet brings good news. There are alternatives to "household toxics". Some of these p

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问题                A GUIDE TO TOXICS IN THE HOME
    This factsheet brings good news. There are alternatives to "household toxics". Some of these products take time to prepare but they’re cheaper than commercial products and more importantly, they represent an investment in the future of the planet.
    Household Cleaners are polishes. When cleaning your home, keep in mind that you don’t have to replace grease and dirt with chemicals dangerous to your family and the environment.
    Most of your household cleaning needs can be met with seven simple ingredients : vinegar pure soap, bicarb soda, washing soda, borax, cloudy, ammonia and strong solution ammonia. All these are available in your local supermarket or chemist. Various combinations of these, simple substances can accomplish most household cleaning jobs cheaply and use caution with all cleaners and remember that even environmentally sound cleaners may be unsafe if consumed.
    All Purpose cleaner    Key
    (Mild Mixture):    1 C=1 Cup=250ml
    4L hot water    IT=1 Tablespoon
    1/4 C cloudy ammonia    1T =1 Teaspoon
    1T bicarb soda    1L = 1 Litre
    This solution is safe for all surfaces, can be rinsed with water, and is very effective for most jobs. For a stronger cleaner or wax stripper, double the amounts of all ingredients except water. Use gloves and do not mix other compounds, especially chlorine bleach.
    WARNING: Never mix ammonia and bleach: an extremely toxic gas is produced.
    Laundry: The best alternative for cleaning your clothes is pure soap. Soap has accomplished the task of getting garments white and bright for generations. Try this recipe for washing. Add 1/3 C washing, soda (sodium carbonate) to water as machine is filling. Add clothes. Add 1/2 C of soap flakes. If water is hard, add extra washing soda. The following list gives some specific solutions for stains:
    HEAVILY SOILED : Rub with solution of 2 T washing soda in 1 C warm water.
    FRUIT AND WINE: immediately pour salt or hot water on the stain and soak in milk before washing.
    GREASE: Pour boiling water on stains and follow with dry bicarb soda. Or try ammonia and water.
    INK: Soak in milk or remove with hydrogen peroxide.
    BLOOD: Soak in warm water or remove with hydrogen peroxide. For a more stubborn stain, mix corn flour or talcum powder with water and apply mixture. Allow to dry and brush away.
    COFFEE: Mix egg yolk with lukewarm water and rub on stain.
    CHEWING GUM : Rub with ice. Gum will flake off. Alternatively try a dab of eucalyptus oil.
    LIPSTICK: Rub with cold cream and wash with washing soda.
    Ovens:  Combine strong version of all purpose cleaner with bicarb soda: wear gloves when scrubbing. An easier over cleaner is ammonia. (CAUTION : this ammonia is strong solution ammonia available only from chemists. It is a very caustic solution and great care should be taken with handling. Rubber gloves should be worn. If skin contact should occur wash with water immediately and bathe affected area with vinegar, a neutralizing solution. ) Place about 1/4 C of ammonia in a shallow pan ( not aluminium) and add enough hot water to cover the bottom of the pan. Heat oven for 20 minutes, turn off and place pan in oven overnight. Take care to avoid inhaling ammonia fumes. Baked on food will be loosened, then the oven can be cleaned with bicarb soda and scrubbing.
    Bathroom: Most commercial tile cleaners do more harm than good because they contain chlorine, a serious irritant to nose, eyes and skin and one of the most dangerous chemicals found in Australian sewers. For general bathroom cleaning, use a firm bristled brush with either bicarb soda and hot water or a mild version of the all purpose cleaner. To clean toilet apply a thick paste of borax and lemon juice to stubborn areas. Leave for two hours and scrub. Alternatively, a strong solution of vinegar can be used.
    Garden Pests: Pesticides carry the suffix "cides" which means "killer". Natural pesticides are cheaper and safer for your family and pets. Here are three examples of alternative pest sprays. SOAP: Use only pure soap as detergents will damage your plants. Liquid soaps: 2 T per litre of water. Dry soaps: 50 grams per litre of water. TOBACCO WATER: This can be used against soft-bodied insects such as aphids, thrips and caterpillars. Place a large handful of tobacco in 4 litres of warm water. Let stand for 24 hours. Dilute and apply with a spray bottle. This tobacco water is poisonous to humans. Use caution when handing. HOT PEPPERS : Blend 2 or 3 very hot peppers, 1/2 onion and 1 clove garlic in water, boil steep for two days, and strain. This spray will not damage indoor or outdoor plants.
Do safe alternatives to environmentally dangerous household cleaners cost more or less than the commercial products?
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解析 文章第一段提到There are alternatives to…an investment in the future of the planet.一些alternatives要比commercial products更便宜。因而可以在这些alternatives的花费上少一些。
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本试题收录于： A类竞赛（研究生）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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