2. 外语
  3. The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have incre

The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have incre

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问题     The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow-minded careerism(野心; 追求名利)while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, "the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials(文凭)than in providing a quality education for their students." The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an "integrated core" of common learning. Such a core would introduce students "to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. "
    Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed "Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most." Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicate themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure(终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie more in leaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that "There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. "
One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that______.
选项 A、a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many colleges
B、students don’t have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learn
C、skills are being taught as a means to an end
D、students are only interested in obtaining credentials
答案A
解析 本题为推理判断题，提问的是美国大学出现危机的原因是什么。义章第一段第二句话告诉我们，现在美国的许多大学里出现的教学危机正是因为为了迎合找工作的需要所致，也就是说，仅仅为了寻找工作这种狭隘的思想支配了很多大学的教学方向，故A)项正确。B)项与文章的意思正好相反；C)项是对“skills，rather than means，have become ends”的曲解；获得义凭是找工作的条件之一，但学生自己是否仅仅对获得文凭感兴趣。文中并未明确表明这一观点，故D)项也不对。此题选A)项。
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