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  3. Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable; they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fa

Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable; they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fa

admin2015-01-15  20
问题     Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable; they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby’s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one’s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversation partner. " The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener to reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.
According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partner’s neck because______.
选项 A、they don’t like to keep their eyes on the face of the speaker
B、they need not communicate through eye contact
C、they don’t think it polite to have eye contact
D、they didn’t have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood
答案D
解析 本题问根据本文，日本人在交谈中目光盯住对方的脖子原因何在。第1段指出：“……在日本，由于婴儿背在母亲的后背上，因此他们与其他国家的婴儿相比不爱用目光进行交流。”D项“在婴儿期他们没有多少机会通过目光接触进行交流”与文中意思相吻合，故为正确答案。
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