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  3. As the federal government shutdown approaches the two-week mark, it’s become painfully apparent that the public can no longer ru

As the federal government shutdown approaches the two-week mark, it’s become painfully apparent that the public can no longer ru

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问题     As the federal government shutdown approaches the two-week mark, it’s become painfully apparent that the public can no longer run amok virtually unsupervised in the national parks. What’s the evidence of that? The litter, vandalism and trampled ground. The human feces overflowing the public toilets and the urine along the roads.
    Unlike the last lengthy shutdown in 2013, the Trump administration this time has opted to keep the national parks open but largely unstaffed. Private concession operators and nonprofit groups have helped with maintenance where they can. Some states have dipped into their own coffers to keep parks staffed and operating—at least for a while. Many other states, including California, have not.
    With tens of thousands of park employees furloughed, that means many parks have no workers collecting entry fees at the gates, patrolling the campgrounds or emptying the garbage cans and portable toilets. But the visitors keep coming. The lack of maintenance and oversight is taking a toll. There are reports of illegal camping and off-road driving in sensitive habitat areas. Unsupervised tourists were harassing elephant seals at the Point Reyes National Seashore, prompting officials to close off part of the beach.
    Visitors have posted pictures on social media of overflowing garbage bins. Empty champagne bottles were left strewn on the ground at Joshua Tree. Yosemite officials had to restrict entry to certain areas of the park after the accumulation of human urine and feces became a health hazard. The National Park Service has the authority to turn away visitors for safety, health or environmental protection reasons. That’s what the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks did Wednesday, when they closed large sections because of concerns that visitors could be endangered on icy roads and hiking trails.
    And the threat isn’t just to the natural wonders and to public safety. The national parks are full of cultural and historic resources that could be damaged or stolen with so little oversight and protection. During the 2013 shutdown, the Obama administration ordered the national park system completely closed. That was a controversial decision at the time. Visitors who had traveled great distances to visit the parks were turned away. Local businesses that rely on park tourism suffered. Others saw the closures as a political tactic by President Obama to drum up negative publicity for the Republican-led shutdown. But given the damage currently being inflicted on the nation’s most majestic open spaces, temporarily closing some parks might be the best way to protect them.
    Indeed, as one former National Park Service director said, keeping the parks open but unstaffed is like leaving the Smithsonian open without employees minding the priceless artifacts. It invites abuse and practically guarantees damage to some of the nation’s most treasured public lands.
    Yes, it’s a loss to the tourists who planned their vacations around a visit to Yosemite Valley, or who had hoped to hike through the forests of Sequoia National Park. Yes, there will be an economic cost for local communities. But that is the cost of a government shutdown. The political stalemate in Washington—the failure of President Trump and congressional leaders to reach a budget deal as they haggle over his insistence on a costly border wall—has real-world consequences.
    The nation’s most magnificent public assets shouldn’t be sacrificed to this political battle. It’s worth noting that the national park system already struggles with an $11-billion backlog of deferred maintenance and with massive crowds that stress existing capacity. There are potholed roads, crumbling trails, aging sewer systems in need of repair to prevent contamination of nearby streams. Throwing open the gates to all comers with little control or oversight only exacerbates those problems.
    Americans love their national parks, but don’t always treat them with the care they deserve. The parks should shut down until the federal government reopens.
                                                                                                                                (选自《洛杉矶时报》2019年1月3日)
The best title for the passage is________.
选项 A、The Problems of the National Parks
B、Government Shutdown Crisis
C、The Future of the National Parks
D、The National Parks: Open or Shut Down?
答案D
解析 主旨题。本文讲述了美国国家公园因政府停摆出现的许多问题，讨论了特朗普总统继续开放公园的举措是否正确，提出了可行的解决方案。根据相关性和全面性的原则，正确答案为D。
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