2. 外语
  3. According to a recent survey, employees in many companies today work longer hours than employees did in 1979．They also take shor

According to a recent survey, employees in many companies today work longer hours than employees did in 1979．They also take shor

admin2018-09-25  44
问题      According to a recent survey, employees in many companies today work longer hours than employees did in 1979．They also take shorter vacations than employees in 1979．It seems that Americans are working harder today than ever before. Or are they? A management consultant, Bill Meyer, decided to find out. For three days, he observed an investment banker hard at work. Meyer wrote down everything the banker did during his long workday, At the end of the three-day period, Meyer reviewed the banker’s activities with him. What did they find out? They discovered that the man spent 80 percent of his time doing unnecessary work. For example, he attended unnecessary meetings, made redundant (多余的) telephone calls, and spent time packing and unpacking his two big briefcases.
     (76)Apparently, many people believe that the more time a person spends at work, the more he or she accomplishes. When employers evaluate employees, they often consider the amount of time on the job in addition to job performance. Employees know this. Although many working people can do their job effectively during a regular 40-hour work week, they feel they have to spend more time on the job after normal working hours so that the people who can promote them see them.
     A group of headhunters (猎头) were asked their opinion about a situation. They had a choice of two candidates for an executive position with an important company. The candidates had similar qualifications for the job．For example, they were both reliable. One could do the job well in a 40-hour work week. The other would do the Same job in an 80-hour work week just as well. According to a headhunting expert, the 80-hour-a-week candidate would get the job．The time this candidate spends on the job may encourage other employees to spend mote time at work, too. Employers believe that if the employees stay at work later, they may actually do more work.
     However, the connection between time and productivity (生产率) is not always positive. (77) In fact, many studies indicate that after a certain point, anyone’s productivity and creativity begin to decrease. Some employees are not willing to spend so much extra, unproductive time at the office once they finish their work satisfactorily, they want to relax and enjoy themselves. For these people, the Solution is to find a company that encourages people to do both.  
What is the main idea of this passage?
选项 A、Many people work long hours but do not always do a lot of work.
B、Most people can get more work done by working longer hours.
C、Most Americans work 80 hours a week and some work even longer.
D、People can make more money by working longer hours.
答案A
解析 本题考查考生对文章大意的把握。根据最后一段的总结句“However， the connection between time and productivity (生产率) is not always positive.”可得出应选A项。B项说大多数人工作更长的时间就能完成更多的工作，这与文章主旨恰恰相反。C项说大多数美国人的工作时间甚至会超过80小时，这在文中没有明确提及。D项认为人们工作时间更长能赚更多钱，而文中也没有这个意思，从文中只能看出有人认为工作时间越长，就越能完成更多的工作或得到更好的晋升。
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