2. 外语
  3. Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doub

Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doub

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问题       Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover, the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of idle rich men suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying around the world, but number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of whose earthshaking importance they are firmly persuaded.
     Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his day. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possiblely find.
     The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However, dull work may be, it becomes hearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one’s own circle.
To most people, which of the following can NOT be regarded as the advantages of work?
选项 A、A preventive of boredom.
B、A chance of success.
C、A source of income.
D、A cause of happiness.
答案D
解析 主旨题。本题需要归纳出作者对工作作用的看法。文章中没有提到工作是不幸的原因，而且第一段的开始部分明确指出工作到底是幸福之源还是不幸之源一直没有得出定论，另外还提到“Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting”，可见答案是D
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