2. 外语
  3. Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable; Shall we put an end to the human race or

Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable; Shall we put an end to the human race or

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问题     Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable; Shall we put an end to the human race or shall mankind renounce war? People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish war. The abolition of war will demand distasteful limitations of national sovereignty. But what perhaps impedes understanding of the situation more than anything else is that the term "mankind" feels vague and abstract. People scarcely realize in imagination that the danger is to themselves and their children and their grandchildren, and not only to a dimly apprehended humanity. And so they hope that perhaps war may be allowed to continue provided modern weapons are prohibited. I am afraid this hope is illusory. Whatever agreements not to use hydrogen bombs had been reached in time of peace, they would no longer be considered binding in time of war, and both sides would set to work to manufacture hydrogen bombs as soon as war broke out, for if one side manufactured the bombs and the other did not, the side that manufactured them would inevitably be victorious...
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答案 那么，在此我要向大家提出的是一个直率、令人不快而又无法回避的问题：我们该消灭人类，还是人类该抛弃战争?人们不愿面对这个抉择，因为消灭战争太难了。消灭战争要求限制国家主权，这令人反感。然而，比任何其他东西都更可能妨碍人们认识这种形势的正是“人类”这个词所包含的模糊和抽象感。人们几乎难以想象到，这种危险不仅指向他们朦朦胧胧地理解的人类，更指向他们自己和子孙后代。于是他们相信只要禁止使用现代武器，战争或许就可以继续下去。恐怕这个愿望只是幻想。和平时期不管达成何种禁用氢弹的协定，在战争时期都会失去约束力。一旦战争爆发，双方就会着手制造氢弹，因为如果一方制造氢弹而另一方不造的话，造氢弹的一方必然会取胜……
解析 1．present(to)“提出”。
2．stark“生硬的，毫无掩饰的”。
3．dreadful“令人不快的，令人震惊的”。
4．inescapable“不可避免的”。
5．renounce“断绝关系，放弃”。
6．第二句People will not face…to abolish war中，根据语境，will在此用作情态动词，可译为“愿意”。
7．第三句The abolition of war will demand distasteful…可灵活处理，其中distasteful指“令人反感的”，可采用转句译法译为独立的分句，故整个句子可译为“消灭战争要求限制国家主权，这令人反感”。
8．第四句But what perhaps impedes…可采用顺译法处理。impede“阻止”。
9．第五句People scarcely realize in imagination可译为“人们几乎难以想象到……”。
10．第六句运用语态转换，将被动句that perhaps war may be allowed to continue和provided modern weapons are prohibited转化为主动句。provided引导条件从句，指“只要……”。
11．illusory为形容词，指“幻觉的，虚假的”，在此可进行词类转换，译为“幻想”。
12．hydrogen bombs“氢弹”。
13．Whatever agreements…had been reached…，英语被动句翻译为主动句。binding即“有约束力的”。
14．set to work“开始工作，着手做……”。
15．最后一句是个长句。可根据意群，在and both sides…前断开，分译成两个句子。
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