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  3. Writing Based on Reading and Listening Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and yo

Writing Based on Reading and Listening Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and yo

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问题     Writing Based on Reading and Listening
    Directions:
    For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. You may take notes while you read and listen.
    Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You may refer to the reading passage again when you write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question.
    Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content.
    You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listen to the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan and write your response.
    Write your response in the space provided.
    Reading
    You will have 3 minutes to read the passage.
    Recently, more and more conifers in a community park in northeast America have been dying. After investigation and analysis, some are claiming that a new kind of herbicide used by nearby households might be responsible for their death. However, the herbicide manufacturer denies this because of the following reasons:
    First, the herbicide had been carefully tested by the government for years before it was allowed to be sold on the market. In a great deal of research, the herbicide had been proved to be harmless to trees and other plant species.
    Second, not all the conifers in the community park have died. Many other trees in the park are still very healthy. If the herbicide used by the nearby households diffused into the community park and caused the conifers to die, all the trees there should have been affected. Since many other trees are still very healthy, we cannot simply blame the death of the conifers on the herbicide.
    Finally, experts have observed a recent drop in temperatures in the region. Coniferous trees are very sensitive to cold temperatures, thus abnormally cold temperatures may have frozen them to death.
    Then you will hear:
    Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
    Lecture
   
    Question
    Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on points made in the reading passage.
A lot of us are very sad about the decreasing number of conifers in our community park due to the introduction of a new herbicide. The reading tries to defend the herbicide, but fails to provide convincing proof that the herbicide is not responsible for killing the coniferous trees.
    The reading begins by claiming the herbicide is safe based on tests conducted by governmental agencies. However, the reading fails to mention that most tests conducted by governmental agencies focus on the safety of people and animals, not on plants. Before the herbicide was put on the market, the authorities did not ensure that they were harmless to trees.
    Second, it is true that many trees are still very healthy in the park, but this does not prove that the herbicide is not responsible for the dead conifers. The herbicide was introduced to the park through a river that ran through the nearby community. Therefore, all the trees on high ground away from the river are healthy and all those in the low area by the river have died.
    Finally, the reading’s claim that climate change is responsible for the death of the conifers makes no sense. If this were true, yellow leaves on these trees should die first, while in actuality, many young, green leaves also fell from the branches. The way in which these trees died does not indicate that they were killed by climate change.
选项
答案 The reading asserts that the new herbicide is not responsible for the death of the conifers in the community park. The professor then explains why he thinks the herbicide is responsible for the death of the conifers. The first argument the reading presents to explain why the new herbicide is not responsible for the death of the conifers is that the herbicide has passed government safety testing. The professor is not convinced by this argument because the government testing focused on the safety of people and animals, not on the safety of plants. The reading’s second argument for why the herbicide could not have killed the trees is that there are still many healthy trees in the park. But the professor says that the herbicide was introduced through a river in the park. All of the trees by the river have died. Only those trees on the high ground away from the river have survived. In other words, those trees have still survived because they have not been exposed to the herbicide. The reading’s final argument for why the herbicide is not responsible for the death of the conifers is that there is a reasonable alternative explanation, climate change. The professor rebuts this by saying that the way in which the trees died does not indicate that it was due to climate change. The reason is that if the trees were really dying due to climate change, yellow leaves should die first, but some young, green leaves also fall off. Therefore, he thinks it is only reasonable to assume that conifers were killed by the herbicide.
解析     面对公园里针叶树的死亡，阅读文章认为这不是杀虫剂导致的，并提出三点论据：首先，除草剂是通过了政府安全测试的；其次，公园里还有很多健康的树木；最后，树木死亡也有可能是气候变化导致的。而听力文章认为这三点理由都不具有说服力，正是杀虫剂导致了针叶树的死亡。
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