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  3. Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinf

Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinf

admin2012-07-11  45
问题     Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinforcing stereotypes that boys are "silly" in class,refuse to "sit nicely like the girls" and are more likely to indulge in " schoolboy pranks (恶作剧)". Women teachers may also unconsciously perpetuate (保持) low expectations of boys’ academic achievement and encourage girls to work harder by letting them think they are cleverer. Schools should avoid dividing pupils into ability groups because the practice often results in girls dominating the higher-achieving tables, concluded the Kent University research.
    The study of primary schools in the county suggests that under-performance among boys in most national exams could be linked to lower expectations. The research mainly implicates women teachers, since nearly 90 percent of primary school teachers are female. It warned that school staff find boys’ play, such as handling toy guns,"particularly challenging and difficult".
    Boys are punished and urged to conform to a more feminine style of play instead of being taught how to play responsibly with their preferred toys. Bonny Hartley,the study’s lead author,said: "By seven or eight years old,children of both genders believe that boys are less focused,able,and successful than girls—and think that adults endorse this stereotype. There are signs that these expectations have the potential to become self-fulfilling in influencing children’s actual conduct and achievement. "
    Girls as young as four think they are cleverer, try harder and are better behaved than equivalent boys,her study found. By the age of seven and eight,boys also believe that their female classmates are more likely to have these qualities.
    For the study,238 children aged four to ten were presented with a series of scenarios such as "this child is really clever" and " this child always finishes his/her work". They were then asked to point to a picture of a boy or a girl to say Which they thought was being talked about. The findings show that from the first year of school girls said their sex was more likely to record better conduct and achievement. From the age of eight, boys were also more likely to say that girls had better performance, motivation and effort, self-control and conduct.
    In the second part of the study—being presented today at the British Educational Research Association annual conference at Warwick University—the children were asked if adults believed boys or girls were cleverer and better behaved. From an early age, girls believe grown-ups think girls have better conduct and achievement. Boys develop the same beliefs around the age of eight. The study drew no distinction between the beliefs and classroom practices of male and female teachers. Further research by the same team will consider the specific gender stereotypes held by teachers.
What is the bad consequence that the stereotype will bring about?
选项 A、Boys’ actual conduct and achievement will be influenced.
B、Boys are becoming more concentrated, able and successful.
C、Girls are looking down upon their boy classmates.
D、Boys are more likely to play in the feminine way.
答案A
解析 事实细节题。本题考查成见带来的坏处。第三段第二句中，研究者指出七、八岁的孩子都认为男孩注意力不集中，不如女孩能干，不如女孩表现得好，这就是一种成见，定位句指出这种成见的坏处就是这样的期望值可能影响男孩的实际表现与实际成绩。故A)为答案。B)“男孩变得更集中注意力、更能干以及更成功”与文意相反，排除；C)“女孩看不起她们的男同学”、D)“男孩更喜欢像女孩一样玩耍”均未提及，故排除。
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