2. 外语
  3. Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now o

Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now o

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问题     Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
     But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive(使复活)the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?
    The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’ s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a discouraging thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
    Employment became widespread when the enclosures (圈地运动) of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people  traveled longer distances to their places of employment until eventually many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
    Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.
    All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.
According to paragraph 2 and 3,______.
选项 A、people should be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work
B、people should set up smaller private enterprises so that they in turn can employ others
C、universal employment guaranteed prosperity
D、patterns of work were fundamentally unchanged despite the arrival of the industrial age
答案A
解析 判断题。本题问根据文章2、3段可以做出什么判断。第二、三段的大意为，就业是工业时代的产物，随着工业时代的结束，我们应该改变“就业”思路。根据该观点，可知A项“人们应该承认被别人雇佣并不是惟一的就业方式”正确。
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大学英语四级

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