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  3. Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves.

Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves.

admin2023-01-31  13
问题     Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves. Work-related self-esteem is therefore a worthy ideal to pursue with vigor, right? Well, not always. According to recent research, in which psychologists interviewed 370 full-time workers over a period of three weeks, the reality is a little more complicated. And it involves negative as well as positive consequences.
    It’s natural to be drawn towards pleasure and to step away from pain. In the workplace, if that pleasure comes from a triumph which swells our self-respect, people will try to repeat the accomplishment. But repeating that accomplishment is often not realistic, which can lead to severe negative emotional consequences when it doesn’t reoccur. This form of motivation is widely regarded as a negative type of motivation. It can hinder other more positive motivation types, such as completing a task purely because it’s fulfilling or enjoyable.
    What consumes the employee instead is a pressing need to feel mighty and sure of themselves. They then take on only tasks and objectives which serve that ego-driven need. As a result, to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness associated with failure, they extend themselves to such a degree that there’s a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being. This internal pressure to succeed at all costs demands a lot of effort. It depletes their energy, culminating in disproportionate levels of damaging sentiment.
    Those negative emotions mount into heightened anxiety, impacting their ability to make the most of their personal life. Their desire to avoid feeling inferior ends up making them feel inferior when it comes to their diminished capacity for friendship and leisure. They end up dissatisfied both at work and outside of it.
    But thankfully, for those people compelled almost entirely by this specific form of motivation, the news isn’t all bad, or bad at all. The study also discovered several positive outcomes that can actually outweigh the harmful ones. Though these types of employees are motivated by the desire to avoid negative consequences, they are also motivated by the excitement of pursuing emotional rewards. This excitement makes pursuing goals enjoyable and stimulates pleasure and pride that would result from success. An effect of the positive motivation is that it neutralizes the existence of negative motivation.
    Sure, it affects people’s personal lives to what could be deemed an unhealthy extent, because leisure activities are often seen as a part of life that must be sacrificed to manage work and family demands.
    However, the way people feel about their work has less to do with whether they’re motivated by the preservation of self-esteem but more with the fact that they’re simply motivated.
What do we learn about people over-concerned with work-related self-esteem?
选项 A、They may often feel inferior to their colleagues.
B、They cannot enjoy their personal life to the full.
C、They are never satisfied with their achievements.
D、They have their own view of friendship and leisure.
答案B
解析 根据选项中的inferior、personal life、friendship and leisure定位到第4段。题目询问过度关注与工作相关的自尊的人的情况。第2、3段都表明追求与工作相关的自尊可能会产生负面后果，由此推断，如果过度关注与工作相关的自尊，会造成第4段第1句的情况：这些负面情绪不断累加会加剧焦虑，影响他们充分享受个人生活的能力，这与B项“他们不能充分享受个人生活”的意思一致，故选B项。A项“他们可能经常感觉自己不如同事”中的feel inferior to their colleagues没有原文依据，只是利用了原词inferior进行干扰。C项“他们从不满足于自己的成就”中的never satisfied，with their achievements也没有原文依据。D项“他们对友谊和休闲有自己的看法”只是利用原词friendship and leisure进行干扰，have their own view没有原文依据。
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