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  3. Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report publish

Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report publish

admin2012-08-10  36
问题     Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report published on Wednesday.
    In a development with enormous geopolitical implications, the country’s dependence on oil imports from potentially unstable countries in the Middle East and elsewhere would disappear, BP said, although Britain and western Europe would still need Gulf supplies.
    BP’s latest energy outlook forecasts a growth in unconventional energy sources, "including U. S. shale (页岩) oil and gas, Canadian oil sands and Brazilian deepwater, plus a gradual decline in demand, that would see North America become almost totally energy self-sufficient" in two decades. BP’s chief executive, Bob Dudley, said, "Our report challenges some long-held beliefs. Significant changes in U. S. supply-and-demand prospects, for example, highlight the likelihood that import dependence in what is today’s largest energy importer will decline substantially. "
    The report said the volume of oil imports in the U. S. would fall below 1990s levels, largely due to rising domestic shale oil production and ethanol (乙醇) replacing crude. The U. S. would also become a net exporter of natural gas.
    Overall, global energy demand would surge in the next 20 years, fuelled by economic and population growth in Asia, but at a slowing annual rate, due to advances in energy efficiency and growth of renewables.
    World energy demand is likely to grow by 39% over the next two decades, or 1.6% annually, almost entirely in non-OECD (非经济合作与发展组织) countries. Consumption in non-OECD countries is expected to rise by just 4% in total over the period.
    Global energy will remain dominated by fossil fuels, which are forecast to account for 81% of energy demand by 2030, down about 6% from current levels. The period should also see increased fuel-switching , with more gas and renewables used at the expense of coal and oil.
According to the report, what could largely account for the decrease of the U. S. oil imports?
选项 A、The decreased demand of oil consumption.
B、The increased consumption of natural gas.
C、The efficient use of ethanol and crude.
D、The rising production of domestic shale oil and ethanol replacing crude.
答案D
解析 事实细节题。根据定位句，美国石油进口量将低于20世纪90年代的水平，这主要源于国内页岩油生产增加和乙醇替代原油，D)含义与之吻合，故为答案。due to与account for均表示因果关系。原文未提及A)、B)和C)，故均排除。
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