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  3. If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before

If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before

admin2023-01-31  1
问题     If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing, fast-changing world of kids and media, it’s "No screens before age 2."
    As of today, that rule has been thrown out the window.
    The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), which first issued that recommendation back in 1999, has extensively updated and revised its guidelines for children and adolescents to reflect new research and new habits.
    The new guidelines, especially for very young children, shift the focus from WHAT is on the screen to WHO else is in the room. And in doing so, they raise some intriguing points about the future of learning from media
    For babies younger than 18 months, AAP still says no screens at all are the best idea—with one notable exception: Live video chat. Surveys indicate that families already popularly believe that "Face time doesn’t count", or at least that the benefit of virtual visits with grandparents or other relatives outweighs the potential cost of exposing babies to the laptop or smartphone.
    The AAP doesn’t cite positive evidence that infants actually get something out of this kind of "conversation", the way that they clearly do from live social interaction. But there’s some observational research that infants as young as six months old are emotionally engaged by playing live peekaboo (躲猫猫游戏) with Grandma online.
    For infants and toddlers (学步儿童), ages 15 months to 2 years old, there’s limited evidence from a couple of very small studies that they can learn new words from educational media, if and only if parents are watching alongside them, repeating what the video says and/or drawing attention to what is on the screen. In other words, treating a video or an app like a picture book is the best bet.
    The flip side of this is that many studies have actually shown poorer language skills correlated with earlier solo viewing of "educational" videos. There’s also research that shows language delays in children who watch more TV and start watching earlier. In both cases, the problem seems to be media replacing interaction with people. For this reason, the new AAP guideline has changed from "avoid all screens under age 2" to "avoid solo media use in this age group."
    For preschoolers ages 2 to 5, there’s more evidence that they have the ability to transfer knowledge from screens to the real world, including early literacy and math. For this age group, AAP recommends no more than an hour a day of screen use. And, just as with younger children, they want care-givers to take part in screen time: "Co-view with your children, help children understand what they are seeing, and help them apply what they learn to the world around them."
What do families think of live video chat according to surveys?
选项 A、It should not be regarded as screen time.
B、It helps babies to develop their verbal skills.
C、It is not as harmful as playing games on laptops.
D、It is a good substitute for video viewing.
答案A
解析 根据题干中的live video chat定位至第6段。题目询问家庭对实时视频聊天的态度。第5段第2句提到，调查显示，很多家庭普遍认为“实时视频聊天不计在内”“Face time doesn’t count”)，可见他们认为视频聊天不能算是接触屏幕。故选A项“不应将其视为屏幕时间”。第5段提到家长认为实时视频聊天能带来好处，但没有明确指出好处是发展语言技能，故排除B项 “它有助于婴儿发展语言技能”。第5段提到家长没有禁止幼儿使用实时视频聊天，认为实时视频聊天带来的好处远远超过让婴儿接触笔记本电脑或智能手机的潜在成本，C项“它不像在笔记本电脑上玩游戏那样有害”曲解文意，文中也没有比较两者的危害。D项“它可以代替观看视频”中a good substitute没有原文依据。
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