首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
admin
2010-05-25
27
问题
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures that are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu’s view of climate and soil as cultural determents. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it.
The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondly, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.
Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental climate with vegetation and animal’s life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different from that of the areas farther north, which were already drier. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only n few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species that had already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora multiplied. Armand described the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replying the unavailable vegetables.
The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multi-husband households as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures that came there. Kawakiwa, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His detailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility in a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.
In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved (insofar as it has been) by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case.
According to the passage, which of the following would probably be the most agreeable to Montesquieu?
选项
A、All regions have different soils and thus, different cultures.
B、Some regions with similar climates will have similar culture.
C、Cultures in the same area, sharing soil and climate, will be essentially identical.
D、The plants of a country, by being the food of its people, cause the people to have similar views to one another.
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。根据第一段第二话写道:喜马拉雅山和青藏高原地带地理特征奇特,文化也与众不同;紧接着第三句话说到:这里并无意采用孟德斯鸠“气候和土壤决定文化”的观点,所以我们可以看出孟德斯鸠所持的是一种环境决定论,认为外部环境决定人文风气。所以答案为C 。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Nl8MFFFM
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Shewillhavetofindsomewhereelsetowork,forshecan’t______thisloudnoiseanylonger.
Thepolice______theevidencelasttime,buttheydidnot.
Nomatterhowmuchyouflattenthehierarchiesatyourcompany,communicationcan’timproveifpeople’sdesksarestucktenfloo
Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecome"computer-literate",inotherwords,tolearntounderstan
Wheneverhisneighborsneedahelp,healwaysgoes________hiswaytogivethemahand.
RogerRosenblatt’sbookBlackFiction,inattemptingtoapplyliteraryratherthansociopoliticalcriteriatoitssubject,succe
RogerRosenblatt’sbookBlackFiction,inattemptingtoapplyliteraryratherthansociopoliticalcriteriatoitssubject,succe
Mr.Smithhadanunusual______:hewasfirstanofficeclerk,theasailor,andendedupasaschoolteacher.
Britain’spressisunusual______itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspapers:thequalitypressandthepopularp
随机试题
简析《哈姆雷特》的艺术特点。
中期引产后应( )
下列不属于剂型变化的两首方剂是
由于操作风险的成因及后果的多样性,因此在进行损失数据收集的时候,很难做到数据的标准化。()
理财资金使用的重要原则包括()。
A公司是一家A股上市公司,母公司为P公司。A公司2×15年发生如下交易和事项:(1)2×15年7月1日,A公司发行股票10000股向母公司(P公司)购入其所持有的C公司的全部股权,并在个别财务报表中将其全额计入对C公司的长期股权投资,A公司股票每股面值为
下列不属于课堂常规的是()。
参观教学法可分为()
①特别是我们党在长期执政的条件下,如果对领导干部运用权力不加制约,就会使一些意志薄弱者滥用手中的权力②只有强化对权力的制约,才能防止权力腐败,保证领导干部正确使用权力③权力制约,就是权力所有者运用各种有效途径,对权力行使者所形成的特定的限制与约束④由
色盲也能成为天文学家么?事实上,天文学家日常所分析的照片多数都是黑白的,我们在杂志和其他彩色印刷品上看到的五彩缤纷的天文照片,其实也是通过把多张望远镜拍摄的不同波段的黑白照片加工合成而来的。而且这些波段未必都在人类可见光的范围内,所以即使对于视力正常的人来
最新回复
(
0
)