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  3. Excerpt 1: American employers cut back sharply on hiring last month, crushing hopes that the job market was improving and pu

Excerpt 1: American employers cut back sharply on hiring last month, crushing hopes that the job market was improving and pu

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问题    Excerpt 1:
   American employers cut back sharply on hiring last month, crushing hopes that the job market was improving and putting more pressure on the Federal Reserve to give the sluggish economy another push.
   The Labor Department said Friday that employers added just 96, 000 jobs in August, down from 141, 000 in July and too few to keep up with population growth. The unemployment rate fell to 8. 1 percent from 8. 3 percent, but only because many people gave up looking for work and therefore weren’t counted in the government’s calculation.
   Excerpt 2:
   The percentage of Americans in the workforce dropped to its lowest level in 31 years.
   The latest numbers were " downright dismal," TD Economics senior economist James Marple said in a description echoed by many others.
   The economy remains hobbled in the aftermath of the deepest recession since the 1930s and simply isn’t expanding fast enough to spark more hiring.
   Consumers, whose spending accounts for more than two-thirds of economic activity, have been cutting down debts and spending cautiously. The government reported last week that economic growth clocked a disappointing 1. 7 percent annual pace in the April-June quarter.
   Excerpt 3:
   The disappointing numbers are a blow to President Barack Obama’s reelection campaign. Unemployment is down from a peak of 10 percent in October 2009, but no incumbent (现任的) president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has faced re-election with unemployment higher than 7. 8 percent.
   Republican presidential challenger Mitt Romney declared that " the weak jobs report is devastating news for American workers and American families ... a harsh accusation of the president’s handling of the economy. "
   Obama said August’s hiring was "not good enough" and that it’s "a long tough journey" to recover from the recession that officially ended more than three years ago.
   Excerpt 4:
   The job market got off to a strong start this year. Employers added an average 226, 000 jobs a month from January through March. But they couldn’t sustain that pace, and hiring slowed to a monthly average of 67, 000 from April through June.
   It looked like things got back on track in July, when the government initially reported 163, 000 new jobs, but the Labor Department revised those gains down by 22, 000 on Friday.
   The August jobs report looks even uglier upon closer inspection. The unemployment rate fell because 368, 000 Americans dropped out of the workforce.
   Excerpt 5:
   "A declining labor force is not (a) sign of an improving economy," says Joel Naroff, president of Naroff Economic Advisors.
   Hourly pay fell. Manufacturers cut 15,000 jobs, the most in two years. And temporary help jobs, which often signal where the job market is headed, dropped by 4, 900 in August.
   The economy lost 7, 000 more government jobs last month. Since the recession ended in June 2009, federal, state and local governments have slashed 670, 000 jobs, partially offsetting hiring by private companies.
Which of the following is NOT a factor causing the weak job market?
选项 A、Governments at different levels cut down jobs since the recession ended.
B、Nearly 400 thousand Americans dropped out of the workforce.
C、The economy isn’t improving enough to create more jobs.
D、The jobs added by American employers were in sharp decline in August.
答案B
解析     细节题中的NOT TRUE题型或EXCEPT题型。首先，要读懂题目，本题问的是哪个选项不是引发就业市场疲软的原因。可套用公式：正确答案≠原文中某一句话的表达。A选项的意思是：自衰退结束后，各级政府削减了工作岗位；与Excerpt 5中的最后一句话相符，而且是导致失业率高的原因，因此可以排除。根据B选项中的数字和关键词dropped out of the workforce回原文中定位，原文中的出处是Excerpt 4中的最后一句：The unemployment rate fell because 368，000 Americans dropped out of the workforce；据此可以判断B选项是失业率下降的原因，而不是引发就业市场疲软的原因，因此B是本题的正确答案。C和D选项均与原文表述相符，而且都是造成就业市场疲软的原因。C选项在原文中的出处是：Excerpt 2中的The economy…and simply isn’t expanding fast enough to spark more hiring。D选项在原文中的出处是：Excerpt 1中的第一句。
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