首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work. G
Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work. G
admin
2017-04-13
39
问题
Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work. Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning and planning. They also hold out the tantalizing possibility of fame and fortune should the program ever beat a human champion.
Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been clear that computers would dominate that particular game. Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front. There is one game, however, where humans still reign supreme Go. Yet here too their grip is beginning to loosen.
Go was invented more than 2,500 years ago in China. It is a strategic contest in which two players take turns to place stones on the intersections of a grid with 19 lines on each side. Each player tries to stake out territory and surround his opponent. The rules are simple but the play is extraordinarily complex. During a game, some stones will "die", and some will appear to be dead but spring back to life at an ill-timed moment. It is often difficult to say who is winning right until the end.
Deep Blue beat Mr. Kasparov using the "brute force" technique. Rather than search for the best move in a given position, the computer considers all white’s moves, and all black’s possible replies, and all white’s replies to those replies, and so on for, say, a dozen turns. The resulting map of possible moves has millions of branches. The computer combs through the possible outcomes and plays the one move that would give its opponent the fewest chances of winning. Unfortunately, brute force will not work in Go. First, the game has many more possible positions than chess does. Second, the number of possible moves from a typical position in Go is about 200, compared with about a dozen in chess. Finally, evaluating a Go position is
fiendishly
difficult. The fastest programs can assess just 50 positions a second, compared with 500,000 in chess.
In the past two decades researchers have explored several alternative strategies with indifferent results. Now, however, programmers are making impressive gains with a technique known as the Monte Carlo method. Given a position, a program using a Monte Carlo algorithm contemplates every move and plays a large number of random games to see what happens. If it wins in 80% of those games, the move is probably good. Otherwise, it keeps looking. The result is a new generation of fast programs that play particularly well on small versions of the Go board.
Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3?
选项
A、Go was a strategic contest invented in China long ago.
B、Stones of Go could be placed on everywhere of a grid.
C、The play of Go is too complex to win.
D、People often don’t know who wins a play of Go.
答案
A
解析
判断推理题。第三段首句介绍围棋是2500年前发明于中国的一种策略游戏,A项符合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/M8r7FFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordi
Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordi
Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordi
Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordi
Itusedtobesostraightforward(直接的).Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsofthei
High-qualitycustomerserviceispreachedbymany,butactuallykeepingcustomershappyiseasiersaidthandone.Shopperss
InanewstudyreleasedbyPew,researchersfindthatwhileMillennials—peoplewhowerebornafter1981—arebacktothepre-rece
InanewstudyreleasedbyPew,researchersfindthatwhileMillennials—peoplewhowerebornafter1981—arebacktothepre-rece
随机试题
涂料中的添加物不包括()。
简述债的种类。
慢性支气管炎晚期出现肺心病时,线可见
对医术与医德之间关系的理解有误的是
某企业对甲区工商局的处罚决定不服,以案件重大复杂为由,向乙市中级人民法院起诉。下列说法正确的有:()
企业取得的下列所得中,减按15%征收企业所得税的是()。
现代分拣系统的基本构成包括前处理设备(混杂一起的物品的输入)、分拣运输机系统和后处理设备(分拣后物品的输出)、______装置及计算机管理四部分组成。
现代学校教育萌芽于________时期。
在我国古代,名、字与号是有区别的:前者由父亲或尊长取定,后者由自己取定。字是为了便于他人称谓,对平辈或尊辈称字出于礼貌和尊敬;号又叫别号、表号,一般只用于自称,以显示某种志趣或抒发某种情感;对人称号也是一种敬称。下列选项中属于“号”的是()。
Recently,theChangeoftheglobalclimatebringsaboutthefataldisastersallovertheworld.Itnotonlyworriestheworld’s
最新回复
(
0
)