2. 外语
  3. A = Beaumaris Castle B = Conwy Castle C = Harlech Castle D = Penrhyn Castle Which castle(s)… was seized by its enemies again

A = Beaumaris Castle B = Conwy Castle C = Harlech Castle D = Penrhyn Castle Which castle(s)… was seized by its enemies again

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问题     A = Beaumaris Castle B = Conwy Castle C = Harlech Castle D = Penrhyn Castle Which castle(s)…
    was seized by its enemies against whom it was designed to guard?【P1】________
    has the same name with another one built decades earlier?       【P2】________
    are situated on a high place?                                   【P3】________    【P4】________
    was built with an easy access to the dock?                      【P5】________
    inspired awe with its setting against striking mountains?       【P6】________
    was furnished to the design of its architect?                   【P7】________
    has few equals in terms of building techniques?                 【P8】________
    gives people a strong feeling of the Middle Ages?               【P9】________
    was built for civilian use?                                     【P10】________
                                                A Beaumaris Castle
    The king’s military architect, the brilliant James of St George, brought all his experience and inspiration to bear when building this castle, the biggest and most ambitious venture he ever undertook. In pure architectural terms, Beaumaris is the most technically perfect castle in Britain. Its ingenious and perfectly symmetrical concentric "walls within walls" design, involving no less than four successive lines of fortifications, was state of the art for the late 13th century. The stronghold stands at one end of Castle Street, inextricably linked with the history of the town. This was the "beau mareys" (fair marsh) that Edward chose for a castle and garrison town. From the outside, Beaumaris appears almost handsome. It does not rear up menacingly like other fortresses but sits amid a scenic setting overlooking mountains and the sea, partially surrounded by a water-filled moat. The "gate next-the-sea" entrance protected the tidal dock which allowed supply ships to sail right up to the castle. Beaumaris is endlessly fascinating. There is so much to see here—the 14 separate obstacles that any attacker would have to overcome, the hundreds of cleverly sited arrow-slits, and the deadly use of "murder holes" to defend entrances.
                                                B Conwy Castle
    A distinguished historian wrote of Conwy: "Taken as a whole, Conwy is incomparably the most magnificent of Edward I’s Welsh fortresses. " The gritty, dark-stone fortress has the rare ability to evoke an authentic medieval atmosphere. The first time that visitors catch sight of the castle, commanding a rock above the Conwy estuary and demanding as much attention as the dramatic Snowdonia Mountain behind it, they know that they are in the presence of an historic site which still casts a powerful spell. Constructed by the English monarch between 1283 and 1287 as one of the key fortresses in his "iron ring" of castles to contain the Welsh, Conwy was built to prompt such a humbling reaction. There are no concentric "walls-within-walls" here, because they were not needed. Conwy’s massive military strength springs from the rock on which it stands and seems to grow naturally. Soaring curtain walls and eight huge round towers give the castle an intimidating presence undimmed by the passage of time.
    Conwy is the classic walled town. Its circuit of walls, over one and a quarter kilometers long and guarded by no fewer than 21 towers and three double-towered gateways, is one of the finest in the world.
                                                C Harlech Castle
    Spectacularly-sited Harlech Castle seems to grow naturally from the rock on which it is perched. Like an all-seeing sentinel, it gazes out across land and sea, keeping watchful eye over Snowdonia Mountain. The English monarch Edward I built Harlech in the late 13th century to fulfill this very role. It was one of the most formidable of his "iron ring" of fortresses designed to contain the Welsh in their mountain fastness. Ironically, in 1404 it was taken by Welsh leader Owain Glyndwr who proceeded to hold a parliament there. Looking seawards, Harlech’s battlements spring out of a near-vertical cliff-face, while any landward attackers would first have to deal with a massive twin-towered gatehouse. The sea, like Snowdonia, is one of the keys to Harlech’s siting. Seaborne access was crucial in times of siege, and although the waters of Tremadog Bay have receded over the centuries, they may originally have lapped the cliffs beneath the castle. The fortress’s massive inner walls and towers still stand almost to their full height. The views from its lofty battlements are truly panoramic, extending from the dunes at its feet to the purple mass of Snowdonia in the distance. Harlech, a combination of magnificent medieval military architecture and breathtaking location is an unmissable castle, a fact reinforced by its status as a World Heritage Inscribed site.
                                                D Penrhyn Castle
    Built for the wealthy Pennant family on the profits of Welsh slate and Jamaican sugar, Penrhyn Castle is an extravagant example of early 19th century neo-Norman architecture. It was built between 1820 and 1837 of Anglesey limestone, to the designs of Thomas Hopper. His patron, George Hay Dawkins (1764-1840), had taken the additional surname of Pennant on succeeding to the vast estates and fortunes of his cousin Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn(1739-1808). The new castle engulfed another of the same name, built by Lord Penrhyn only 50 years earlier, and at the same time, the remains of the originally medieval manor house. Buried within its walls lie an earlier mock castle and a medieval hall, each a tribute to Penrhyn’s long and fascinating past, with links to the Welsh princes, a pirate and an Archbishop of York.
    Penrhyn’s architect Thomas Hopper, who also designed much of its furniture, filled the castle with intricate carvings, stained glass and handmade wallpapers. Walk through its rooms and see the one-ton slate bed made for Queen Victoria and a grand staircase that took ten years to build. On its walls hang one of the best art collections in Wales. The castle is surrounded by acres of parkland and wooded walks with beautiful plants.
【P10】
选项
答案D
解析 题目问的是“哪座城堡的建造是为了民用”。根据D篇第一段第一句“Built for the wealthy Pennant family on the profits of Welsh slate and Jamaican sugar，Penrhyn Castle is an extravagant example of early 19th century neo-Norman architecture. ”可知，它是为经营威尔士板岩和牙买加糖贸易的富裕的彭南特家族设计的。故选D。
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