首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
admin
2011-02-25
35
问题
(46)
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (47)
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(48)
Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex.
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood."
There is, however, a "remarkable range "of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(49)
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.
Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (50)
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
选项
答案
科菲和同事们通过测量大脑周围脑脊液的体积而测算出大脑皮层的萎缩程度。脑脊液越多,脑皮层萎缩得就越多。
解析
句子的框架是Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊液)surrounding the brain.The greater the amount of fluid,the greater the cortical(脑皮层的)shrinkage。前一句是个简单句,直译即可,其中介词by引导的部分作方式状语;surrounding the brain现在分词作定语修饰fluid;后一句是the more…,the more…句型。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/JY7RFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Accordingtothetext,scholarsandstudentsaregreattravelersbecauseDevelopmentsininternationalcooperationareoften,i
Youhearagreatmanycomplaintstodayabouttheexcessivesecurityconsciousnessofouryoungpeople.Mycomplaintisthe(1)__
Google,thedominantInternetsearchcompany,isplanningtoraisethestakesinitsintensifyingcompetitionwithYahooandMic
Thepersonwhocanseeashipwithoutsomefeelingofexcitementmusthaveverylittleimagination.Eventheideaofleavingthe
Thepersonwhocanseeashipwithoutsomefeelingofexcitementmusthaveverylittleimagination.Eventheideaofleavingthe
Inthispart,youareaskedtowritealetterofapplicationforthepositionasdirectorofabigcomputertrainingcenter.Try
Accuraterepresentationandreportingisvitalinthemediabecause______.Theopinionoftheauthoronmediareportingisthat
Accordingtothepassage,whatmattersmostinletterdeliveryinBritainisthat______Onlywhen______canthepostalcodesys
Astothepunishmentthatchildrenundersevenareassignedtowrongdoing,PiagetsuggestsItcanbeinferredthattheterm"pu
Asmanyofthestoriesinthisbookareaboutman-eatingtigers,itisperhaps(1)_____toexplainwhythoseanimals(2)_____ma
随机试题
枕左前位分娩时与胎儿双肩径进入骨盆入口的同时胎头的动作是
尿动力学检查是判断前列腺增生发生梗阻程度的重要方法,在评估最大尿流率时,为保证检查的诊断意义,排尿量必须超过
引起婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的主要病原体是
妊娠满28周至不满37足周分娩妊娠满42周及其以后分娩
行政行为,是指行政主体即行政机关在实施行政管理活动,行使行政职权过程中所作出的具有法律意义的行为。按其对象是否特定为标准可分为具体行政行为与抽象行政行为。具体行政行为是指在行政管理过程中,针对特定的人或事采取具体措施的行为,其行为的内容和结果将直接影响某一
悬臂梁受力如图所示,若截面可能有如图所示四种形式,中空部分的面积A都相等,则截面梁强度最高的是:
下列粒料类基层中,属于嵌锁型的是()。
指示性抬头汇票不能作记名背书。()
锄李锐拄着锄把出村的时候又有人问:“六安爷,又去百亩园呀?”倒拿着锄头的六安爷平静地笑笑:“是哩。”“咳呀。六安爷,后晌天气这
为帮助果农解决销路,某企业年底买了一批水果,平均发给每部门若干筐之后还多了12筐,如果再买进8筐则每个部门可分得10筐,则这批水果共有()筐。
最新回复
(
0
)