首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】.
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】.
admin
2013-06-12
37
问题
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】. When we are dreaming, our【2】are moving. If a person is prevented from dreaming but allowed to sleep, he or she becomes very up set. So we need to dream.
Why do we dream? one explanation is that when the mind doesn’t have to think about every day matters it is free to think about the deeper concerns. It doesn’t have to be【3】and sensible. We have to represent out anxieties, fears and hopes through【4】.
Freud believed that the conscious mind tries to control and cover up the enormous feeling, and that the unconscious feelings that we try to cover up are largely【5】. The unconscious mind had to【6】its feeling to express its wishes.
Jung was interested in world of religions and in【7】and spiritual ideas. He believed that our personalities are divided into three parts, the conscious, the unconscious, and the "【8】unconscious", and that everyone has another, inside person in himself or herself, cared "anima". Women’s animus is【9】forceful and decisive.
Language of dreams. Usually the only person who can really find the meaning behind a dream is the person who had the dream. But there are several common symbols we share with others. When you dreamed of flying, perhaps you have an【10】complex, or you are trying to escape from your problems.
【6】
Good afternoon, everyone. Today we’ll talk about some facts of dreaming. Some people thought that they never dreamed or hardly ever dreamed. Only a third of the men and nearly half of the women thought that they dreamed several times a night. In fact, research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. Moreover, we all dream many times every night but we don’t usually remember our dreams. If we do remember our dreams, they are usually the last ones that we had before waking up. Other people know when we are dreaming because they can see our eyelids moving. If they wake us up at that moment we will remember our dream. Research by Dr Keitman at the University of Chicago has shown this. He has also tried waking people up when their eyelids aren’t moving, and they have told him that they weren’t dreaming. If a person is prevented from dreaming but allowed to sleep, he or she becomes very upset. So the dream is important to us, and we need to dream.
Then why do we dream? One popular theory is that we spend most of our day thinking about practical matters, shopping, getting to work, seeing our friends, etc. We spend very little of our time thinking about our deep anxieties, fears, and hopes, although these are very important. When the mind doesn’t have to think about everyday matters it is free to think about these deeper concerns, and it doesn’t have to be logical and sensible because it doesn’t have to communicate to other people. For example, time is unimportant in dreams. If something happened to you ten years ago and something else yesterday then it doesn’t matter if they are combined. Also if you haven’t experienced something but would like to, then it can be real in your dream. Very often your deeper minds don’t seem to have words in them and we have to represent our anxieties, fears and hopes through pictures.
Two important psychologists are often referred to when people talk about dreams. One is Freud who believed that the deep, unconscious mind has a powerful influence over the conscious mind. He held the belief that the conscious mind tries to control and cover up the enormous feeling which have such power, and he thought that the unconscious feelings which we struggle to cover up are largely sexual. Freud said that the conscious mind would not allow the unconscious mind to express its wishes in a clear kind of way, so the unconscious mind had to symbolize its feelings. He thought that all long pointed objects represent the male: sticks, umbrellas, trees, knives, etc., and that all hollow objects represent the female: boxes, cupboards, ovens, ships, rooms, etc.
The other famous psychologist is Jung. He was a friend of Freud and worked with him. However, he developed his own ideas about people. Jung was interested in world of religions and in mystical and spiritual ideas. He believed that our personalities are divided into three parts: the conscious, the unconscious and the "collective unconscious". He thought that we all share the same "collective unconscious" and he studied religions and beliefs all over the world to prove it. He found that there are heroes and magicians and fairies and dragons in stories everywhere, and he believed that these heroes, etc. represent our wish to be brave and good, our need for help against difficult problems and our fear of the unknown and the frightening within ourselves. He had another theory which is useful when people want to interpret a dream. He believed that every man has within him the characteristics of a woman, imagination, poetry, gentleness. He called this other, inside person the "anima" of a man. And he said that in every woman there is an "animus" which is aggressive, forceful and decisive. If a woman dreamed of a man, Freud would say that she was wishing for a lover, but Jung might say that she was dreaming of the animus part of herself, or she was dreaming of an original model of a hero or evil person, etc.
As to the language of dreams, it is very difficult to find a clear meaning behind a dream, and usually the only person who can really find the meaning is the person who had the dream. It is true that we all share many of the same anxieties, fears and hopes and it is also true that we use some of the same symbols for expressing these feelings. But the particular balance of feelings is individual to us, and we also use symbols for these feelings which are only meaningful to us. These personal symbols obviously can’t be looked up in a book! Now I will mention several common symbols we share with others. When you dreamed of flying, perhaps you have an inferiority complex, which means that you feel inferior to other people. Another explanation for flying is that we are trying to escape from our problems. The expression "Don’t miss the boat" means don’t miss an opportunity for success. Perhaps missing the boat is your fear of failure and getting behind anyone else. If you are chased in a dream, it may represent that there is something you want to avoid, or you think you have done something wrong.
OK, that’s the general knowledge about dreaming. I hope you’ve found it interesting, and if you want to know more, please read Chapter 6 of your textbook.
选项
答案
symbolize
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/JDRYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
______isregardedasthegardenstateofAustralia.
Intheearly1930s,theAmericanforeignpolicywasIsolationist,butthe______suddenlychangedthewholesituation,whichprope
ThewarinwhichAmericalostmoresoldiersthananyotherwarinAmericanhistoryis______.
______wastheonlyfemaleAmericanprosewriterinthe19thcentury.
Currenteconomichardshipshavehadwhatiscalledinconstitutionallawa"disparateimpact":Thecrisishasnotafflictedever
IfJimDehlseneverneedstoremindhimselfwhy,at67,he’sstilltryingtosavetheworld,allhehastodoisglanceoutside
HowtoConquerPublicSpeakingFearⅠ.IntroductionA.Publicspeaking—acommonsourceofstressforeveryoneB.Thetr
Everysoofteninourlife,crisisloomslargeandclosebeforeus.Infaceofcrisis,individualsmayresponddifferently.Some
Criticismofresearchlaysasignificantfoundationforfutureinvestigativework,butwhenstudentsbegintheirownprojects,t
Scotlandoccupiesthe______thirdoftheislandofGreatBritainintheBritishIsles.
随机试题
“生成信息的成本不应高于信息的价值”是指管理信息的()
关于再障的发病机制,不包括()
某海关认定王某船上运输的货物无合法证明构成走私,对王某予以行政处罚。王某向法院提起行政诉讼,并向法院提供了包括日本某公司出具的购货证明等有关证据。下列说法正确的是:()
在治理管涌与流沙(土)的方法当中,出逸边界措施是指在下游加盖重,以防止土体被渗透力所悬浮,防止流沙(土)。在浸润线出逸段,设置()是防止管涌破坏的有效措施。
关于结账操作,下列说法错误的是()。
期货从业人员为了个人或投资者的不当利益而严重损害国家利益、所在期货经营机构或者他人的合法权益,情节严重的,由协会撤销其期货从业人员资格并在()拒绝受理从业人员资格申请。
按照“营改增”政策规定,车辆停放服务适用的增值税征税项目是()。
公安专业工作主要包括()。
根据《中国共产党纪律处分条例》,党的各级组织和全体党员必须遵守的行为规则是:()。
一支科学考察队前往某条河流的上游去考察一个生态区,他们以每天17千米的速度出发,沿河岸向上游行进若干天后到达目的地,然后在生态区考察了若干天,完成任务后以每天25千米的速度返回,在出发后的第60天,考察队行进了24千米后回到出发点。科学考察队在生态区考察了
最新回复
(
0
)