首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
After 50 years of paying for roads, power and schools, and helping poor countries to liberalize their economies, the World Bank
After 50 years of paying for roads, power and schools, and helping poor countries to liberalize their economies, the World Bank
admin
2013-01-20
40
问题
After 50 years of paying for roads, power and schools, and helping poor countries to liberalize their economies, the World Bank—the financial aim of the United Nations system—has started shifting some of the focus of its activities to supporting "knowledge development", including science.
Two separate internal World Bank task groups are investigating a potential role for the bank in supporting science in developing countries. Each group will report back this year with proposals on how the bank can best support basic research, something it has never before considered, how to make its expertise more available to developing countries, and whether it needs a science department to oversee its new initiatives.
The bank, which is owned by 180 governments, provides long-term loans at commercial interest rates, mainly to developing countries. One quarter of its lending is interest-free and goes to the poorest. In the 1980s, with its focus on infrastructure development and trade liberalization, it closed its science department and abolished the science adviser’s post.
Direct support for research in developing countries is now seen as more of a priority. This is because the bank believes research will help to find solutions to its priority issues, such as providing the poor with access to food, clean water and a disease-free environment.
But it also comes from a belief that developing countries need to build up knowledge-based industries to remain economically competitive. In an attempt to help the poorest countries, particularly those in Africa, to catch up with those better off, the bank is helping to fund information technology infrastructure under a programme called "info. Dev."
As a sign of this new thinking, the bank devoted the latest edition of its annual World Development Report to bridging the "knowledge gap" between rich and poor countries. Last month it agreed to partly fund in Chile the first in a chain of centres of excellence in scientific research.—known as Millennium Institutes—in developing countries.
Both events represent the culmination of a three-year study by the bank into how it can fund science in developing countries in partnership with governments and philanthropic foundations. Ian Johnson, the bank’s vice-president for environment, acknowledges that the bank previously considered research to be a luxury for developing countries. But he says that attitudes have changed.
The word "culmination" in the last paragraph means ______.
选项
A、utmost goal
B、general motivation
C、common purpose
D、mutual agreement
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/J78YFFFM
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Tidesarecreatedmainlybythepullofthemoonontheearth.Themoon’spullcauseswaterintheoceanstobealittledeeper
Forgatheringdataaboutindividualsorgroupsatdifferentdevelopmentallevels,researcherscanusetworelatedresearchdesig
Thegovernmentdecidedtotakea____actiontostrengthenthemarketmanagement.
(66)Applicationfilesarepiledhighlythismonthincollegesacrossthecountry.(67)Admissionsofficersareporingessaysan
Thepoliceaccusedhimofsettingfiretothebuildingbuthedenied_____intheareaonthenightofthefire.
Thirty-onemillionAmericansareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.B
Itwasn’tuntilthelate19thcenturythatphysiciansrealizedthatits______symptomswereallpartofthesamedisease.
Whenhewassofaroutthathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthestretchofrockthatwasbetweenitandt
Humanbeingshaveneverbeforehadsuchabadpress.Byallreports,weareunabletogetanythingrightthesedays,andtheres
Sincetheenergycrisis,thesebigcarshavebecomearealliability.Theycosttoomuchtorun.
随机试题
人体中胃的主要作用之一是________。
男,35岁。驾车肇事,右髋致伤剧痛。检查见:右下肢短缩,内旋位、内收位弹性固定,足背不能背屈。为明确诊断首先应进行的检查是()
药学服务最基本的要素是
下列哪一项符合《消费者权益保护法》的规定?
按建标[2003]206号文件的规定,措施费包括()。下列费用中属于施工机械使用费的包括()。
在进行谈判的时候,一定要注意谈判技巧,同时也要做大量的组织准备工作,以下不属于谈判组织准备工作的是________。
甲、乙两个学校的在校生人数之比为S:3,甲学校如果转入30名学生,再将85名学生转到乙学校,则两个学校在校生人数相同。则此时乙学校学生人数在以下哪个范围内?
在Windows系统中,若要查找文件名中第二个字母为b的所有文件,则可在查找对话框输入(1);若用鼠标左键双击应用程序窗口左上角的图标,则可以(2)该应用程序窗口。(2)
Whatremainedunchangedinspiteofallthechallengesinfamilylife?
Whatcanbedoneaboutmassunemployment?Allthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoreasyanswers.There’sworktobedone,
最新回复
(
0
)