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  3. 　　Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains stubborn. Now research pu

　　Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains stubborn. Now research pu

admin2022-02-15  20
问题 　　Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains stubborn. Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.
　　The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they strapped on headsets and walked in place, roaming virtual neighborhoods while completing errands. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that did not require navigating or recalling details. After 15 sessions, the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test based on picking out objects they had seen about an hour earlier. But the Labyrinth players’ scores rose, and they were less frequently tricked by objects that resembled ones they had viewed.
　　Those improvements " brought them back up to the level of another group of younger adults who did the same memory tests," says cognitive neuroscientist Peter Wais of the University of California, San Francisco. He and his colleagues designed the VB game, which they say likely stimulates the hippocampus—a brain area important for long-term memory. The team did not observe improvement on two other tests, which measured autobiographical memory and spatial memory capability.
　　" What they’re trying to do is uniquely suited to VB," says Meredith Thompson, a Massachusetts Institute of Technology education researcher, who studies learning through VB games but was not involved in the new study. VB can provide greater immersion and engagement than other games, she says, adding that after this proof-of-concept study, " it would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory". Wais’s team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.
　　"It’s great that they measured expectations for improvement for the intervention and placebo conditions," says Daniel Simons, a University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign cognitive psychologist, who was also not involved in the study. Experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often failed to evaluate this, he notes. But Simons adds that testing three measures, instead of just one, increased the likebhood of finding an improvement. And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratory setting might translate to real-world situations. The outcome, Simons notes, "needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong finding. "
　　For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.
Labyrinth players probably could owe their improvements to_________.
选项 A、the stimulus to the hippocampus
B、the reduction of test difficulties
C、taking two extra tests
D、the better spatial memory capability
答案A
解析 细节题。根据题干可定位至第三段，由第二句中“the VR game，which they say likely stimulates the hippocampus—a brain area important for long-term memory”“这个虚拟现实游戏，他们说这个游戏可能会刺激海马体——一个对长期记忆很重要的大脑区域”可知“迷宫”游戏是通过刺激海马体来提高玩家的长期记忆能力的。故选项A正确。选项B为无中生有，故排除；“迷宫”玩家在另外两组额外的测试中并没有表现得更好，故排除选项C；选项D中better与文中did not observe improvement相悖，故排除。
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