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  3. While it’s easy to get swept up in the commercialism at major sports events, one shouldn’t ignore the transformative capacity of

While it’s easy to get swept up in the commercialism at major sports events, one shouldn’t ignore the transformative capacity of

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问题     While it’s easy to get swept up in the commercialism at major sports events, one shouldn’t ignore the transformative capacity of sport to produce social change.  Historically, the potential for sports lies not with the values they promote, since they are invariably unjust and uneven. Instead, the possibilities that exist within sports are those that bridge divides between societies with radically different views of the world.
    The concept of an "Olympic Truce" is noteworthy in terms of recognising the role of international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in influencing and brokering international relations. An Olympic Truce was launched on January 24, 1994 for the period of the Lillehammer Winter Games in an attempt to resolve the conflict in Yugoslavia. This Olympic Truce involved representatives from the World Health Organisation (WHO), UNICEF, the Red Cross, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, and the Norwegian Government. These groups evacuated coaches, athletes, and members of the national Olympic committee from Sarajevo so that they could compete in the Games.
    Many African runners have provided an exhilarating spectacle for global audiences. Maria Mutola, the Mozambican former Olympic and five-time world indoor 800m champion and world record holder, routinely sends track winnings back to her country. Chamanchulo, the suburb of Maputo in which Mutola grew up, is ravaged by HIV, passed on in childbirth or breast milk to 40 percent of the children. In 2003 when Mutola became the first athlete to collect ＄1million for outright victory on the Golden League Athletic Grand Prix Circuit, part of the cash went to the foundation she endowed to help provide scholarships, clothing, education, and coaching for young athletes. Farms and small businesses have often been sustained by her winnings on the circuit, which have purchased tractors, fertilizer, and equipment to drill small wells.
    Catherine Astrid Salome Freeman became the first Aboriginal to represent Australia at the Olympics, at Barcelona in 1992 and became its first world champion and first Olympic champion. In doing so she became a symbol for reconciliation between a black and white Australia. Her grandmother, Alice Sibley, was one of the members of the so-called "stolen generation. " She was taken from her parents at the age of eight by a reviled 1950s Australian government policy that removed Aboriginal children removed from their parents and resettled them with white families. Her Olympic success has perhaps helped to change the face of prejudice, almost a taboo subject in a modern Australia. She herself had become perhaps one of Australia’s greatest sporting icons but also a symbol of the struggle that aboriginal Australians had to endure in order to win social, civil, and political rights.  
From the first paragraph, we know that the passage is going to center on the role of sports to______.
选项 A、spread values
B、cause social changes
C、create different views
D、promote commercialism
答案B
解析 推论题；要求我们依据第一段，对文章的重点进行推论。从第一段的句式“while it’s easy to...，one shouldn’t ignore...”中我们应该读得出来句子的重点在后半句。和but句型类似的是，这些句子要表达的意思都在句子的后半部分。所以我们需要寻找的就是transformative capacity的同义表达。而结合后面的“bridge divides between societies”，我们就知道B选项所表达的意思是准确的。而A选项出自原文的values they promote，但是原文说的是lies not in这样的否定表达，所以A选项是错误的。C选项来自原文的with radically different views，但是由B选项我们知道，本文要谈的是体育使不同社会沟通，而这里的“存在迥异的观点”是对这些存在分歧的社会的描述，而不是体育要去创造的内容，所以C选项也是错误的。D选项所出现的commercialism来自原文的第一句话，但是从前文的分析我们知道，前半句的意思是铺垫，并不是作者要表达的重点，D选项也是不能人选的。
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