2. 考研
  3. In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in A

In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in A

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问题     In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in Asia. Few academic programs have ever received such public attention. In broadcast debates, critics dismissed the program as a betrayal of national identity, an imitation of Western ideas, and a distraction from the real task of national unification and economic development. Even supporters underestimated the program; they thought it would be merely another of the many Western ideas that had already proved useful in Asian culture, akin to airlines, electricity, and the assembly line. The founders of the program, however, realized that neither view was correct. They had some reservations about the applicability of Western feminist theories to the role of women in Asia and felt that such theories should be closely examined. Their approach has thus far yielded important critiques of Western theory, informed by the special experience of Asian women.
    For instance, like the Western feminist critique of the Freudian model of the human psyche, the Korean critique finds Freudian theory culture-bound, but in ways different from those cited by Western theorists. The Korean theorists claim that Freudian theory assumes the universality of the Western nuclear, male-headed family and focuses on the personality formation of the individual, independent of society. An analysis based on such assumptions could be valid for a highly competitive, individualistic society. In the Freudian family drama, family members are assumed to be engaged in a Darwinian struggle against each other—father against son and sibling against sibling. Such a concept projects the competitive model of Western society onto human personalities. But in the Asian concept of personality there is no ideal attached to individualism or to the independent self. The Western model of personality development does not explain major characteristics of the Korean personality, which is social and group-centered. The "self" is a social being defined by and acting in a group, and the well-being of both men and women is determined by the equilibrium of the group, not by individual self-assertion. The ideal is one of interdependency.
    In such a context, what is recognized as "dependency" in Western psychiatric terms is not, in Korean terms, an admission of weakness or failure. All this bears directly on the Asian perception of men’s and women’s psychology because men are also "dependent. " In Korean culture, men cry and otherwise easily show their emotions, something that might be considered a betrayal of masculinity in Western culture. In the kinship-based society of Korea, four generations may live in the same house, which means that people can be sons and daughters all their lives, whereas in Western culture, the roles of husband and son, wife and daughter, are often incompatible.
Which of the following statements about the Western feminist critique of Freudian theory can be supported by information contained in the passage?
选项 A、It recognizes the influence of Western culture on Freudian theory.
B、It was written after 1977.
C、It acknowledges the universality of the nuclear, male-headed family.
D、It challenges Freud’s analysis of the role of daughters in Western society.
答案A
解析 事实细节题。第二段第一句提到，就像西方女性主义对弗洛伊德的人类心理模型所作的批判，韩国的批判发现弗洛伊德理论受文化局限。A项表述与第一句前半句一致，故为答案。第一段第一句表明，1977年是梨花女子大学宣布第一个亚洲女性研究项目的开始时间，这与西方女性主义对弗洛伊德理论的批判无关，故排除B项。第二段第二句提到，韩国的理论家们认为，弗洛伊德的理论假定以男性为主导的家庭的普遍性。C项所述观点是韩国理论家的看法，不是西方女性主义的观点，故排除C项。文中未提及女性在西方社会的角色，故排除D项。
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