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  3. Hope may be the lovely, lyrical, inspiring thing many people believe it is—"the thing with feathers," as Emily Dickinson called

Hope may be the lovely, lyrical, inspiring thing many people believe it is—"the thing with feathers," as Emily Dickinson called

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问题     Hope may be the lovely, lyrical, inspiring thing many people believe it is—"the thing with feathers," as Emily Dickinson called it. But to scientists, it’s also a more dull thing as well: a skill, a tool, a simple choice that is a lot less accidental or lucky. As psychologist Shane Lopez, a senior scientist at the Gallup organization argues in his new book, Making Hope Happen, it’s also much more attainable than it seems.
    In both children and adults, there can be a hard-to-deny link between a robust sense of hope and either work productivity or academic achievement. In studies of this idea, hope is measured by a widely accepted psychological survey and productivity is measured by grades earned, sales made, equipment manufactured etc. When Lopez and his colleagues recently gathered up a large body of this research and subjected it all to a meta-analysis, they came up with what they believe are very solid numbers. "Our finding was that hope accounts for about 14％ of work productivity and 12％ of academic achievement," he said.
    Hoping, Lopez stresses, is a lot different from wishing, though the two are often mixed. The super-bestseller The Secret is based on the vaguely defined and not-exactly peer-reviewed "law of attraction," which in this case means that just having positive thoughts about wealth, love, success and more can draw all of those things to you. "This wonderful future will happen for you if you just sit back and wish hard enough," Lopez says.
    But wishing, he explains is only an element of hope—it is, in a sense, hope without a plan. And that often leads nowhere. Effective hoping, Lopez says, is a very deliberate, three-step process. First there is selecting a goal, whether short-term or long term. Then you have to consider the gap between where you are now and where you will be when you achieve the goal, and lay out a series of sequential, short-term goals that will allow you to close that gap. Finally, there is the execution, establishing a plan for when you will begin to implement those steps and where and how you will execute them.
    It’s far too much to say that effective hoping is the only—or even the biggest—part of what it takes to succeed. If 14％ of business productivity can be attributed to hope, that means 86％ is dependent on raw talent, unpredictable business cycles, the quality of the product you’re selling, and often pure luck. But even if hope is just one ingredient in all of that, it’s a stimulating, energizing one—the gas in the tank, the fuel rod in the reactor, the Mentos in the Pepsi. Hope may be the thing with feathers—but it’s also the thing with power.
Hope is believed to be "the thing with feathers" because ________.
选项 A、it can inspire us
B、it is dull and dumb
C、it is weak and fragile
D、it can not be attained
答案A
解析 根据题干中的关键词the thing with feathers可定位到第一段。该段第一句表明希望是振奋人心的，随后说许多人认为希望就像是埃米莉.狄金森描述的那样——长着羽毛的鸟儿。A项中的inspire一词与原文中的inspiring为同根词，语义相同，表积极意味，故A项为正确答案。B项中的dull是文中科学家们对希望的一种态度，从But可看出他们对希望的态度与前面“长着羽毛”(the thing with feathers)恰恰相反，故排除B项。C项中的weak and fragile在文中没有提到。第一段末句提到Making Hope Happen一书认为希望要比看上去“更容易实现”(much more attainable)，D项与之相反。
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