首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
admin
2015-01-31
15
问题
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides?
A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One group of advocates has called for "death with dignity." Others have responded accusingly, "euthanasia".
B)At the center of the latest controversy about life and death, medicine and law, is a seventy-eight-year-old Massachusetts man whose existence hangs on a court order.
C)On one point, everyone agrees: Earle Spring is not the man he used to be. Once a strapping outdoorsman, he is now called senile by many, and mentally incompetent by the courts. He is, at worst, a member of living dead; at best, a shriveled version of his former self.
D)For more than two years, since his physical and then mental health began to deteriorate , Earle Spring has been kept alive by spending five hours on a kidney dialysis machine three times a week. Since January 1979, his family has pleaded to have him removed from the life-support system.
E)They believe deeply that he Earle Spring who was would not want to live as the Earle Spring who is. They believe they are advocates for the right to die in peace.
F)In the beginning, the court agrees. Possibly for the first time, they reeled last month in favor of withdrawing medical care from an elderly patient whose mind had deteriorated. The dialysis was stopped.
G)But then, in a sudden intervention, an outside nurse and doctor visited Earle Spring and testified that he was alert enough to "make a weak expression of his desire to live." And so the treatments were resumed.
H)Now, while the courts are waiting for new and more thorough evidence about Spring’ s mental state, the controversy rages about legal procedures; no judge ever visited Spring, no psychiatrist ever testified. And even more important, we are again forced to determine one person’ s right to die or to live.
I)This case makes the Karen Ann Quinlan story seem simple in comparison. Quinlan today hangs onto her "life" long after her "plug was pulled." But when the New Jersey court heard that case, Quinlan had no will. She had suffered brain death by any definition.
J)The Spring story is different. He is neither competent nor comatose. He lives in a gray area of consciousness. So the questions also range over the gray area of our consciences.
K)What should the relationship be between mental and physical treatment? Should we treat the incompetent as aggressively as the competent? Should we order heart surgery for one senile citizen? Should we take another off a kidney machine? Who is to decide?
L)Until recently, we didn’t have the technology to keep Earle Spring alive. Until recently, the-life-and-death decisions about the senile elderly or the retarded or the institutionalized were made privately between families and medical people. Now, increasingly, in States like Massachusetts, they are made publicly and legally.
M)Clearly there are no absolutes in this case. No right to die. No right to live. We have to take into account many social as well as medical factors. How much of the resources of a society or a family should be allotted to a member who no longer recognizes it? How many sacrifices should the healthy and vital make for the terminally or permanently ill and disabled?
N)In England, where kidney dialysis machines are scarce, Earle Spring would never have remained on one. In America, one Earle Spring can decimate the energy and income of an entire family.
O)But the Spring case is a crucial, scary one that could affect all those living under that dubious sentence "incompetent" or that shaky diagnosis "senile". So it seems to me that if there is any mental activity at all, then disconnecting him from life would be a dangerous precedent, far more dangerous than letting him continue.
P)The court ruled originally in favor of taking Spring off the machine. It ruled that this is what Earle Spring would have wanted. I have no doubt that his family believes it. I have no doubt of their affection or their pain.
Q)But I remember, too, what my grandfather used to say: No one wants to live to be one hundred until you ask the man who is ninety-nine. Well, no one, including Earle Spring, wants to live to be senile. But once senile, he may well want to live. We simply have to give him the benefit of the doubt. Any doubt.
In America, the medical care for Earle Spring can greatly consume the energy and income of an entire family.
选项
答案
N
解析
题干:在美国,对厄尔·斯普林的医疗护理会极大地消耗一个家庭的精力和财力。题干关键词是in America,consume和energy and income。文中N段第二句提到,在美国,一个厄尔·斯普林就能大大削弱整个家庭的精力和收入。与题干意思一致,故选N。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Go4FFFFM
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
ABriefHistoryofOnlineShoppingA)WhenAmazon.comopenedforbusiness15yearsago,itwasnothingmorethanafewpeoplepac
A、Writingcanbringawriterwealthandfame.B、Beingawriterisverydifferentfromwriting.C、Persistenceisveryimportanti
Americanshavelongpridedthemselvesasbeingpartofanoptimisticsociety.ButanewresearchdescribesAmericansaspessimis
Americanshavelongpridedthemselvesasbeingpartofanoptimisticsociety.ButanewresearchdescribesAmericansaspessimis
A、Meethimatthecafeteria.B、Gotothecafeteriawithouthim.C、Bringhimsomethingfromthecafeteria.D、Waitforawhileunt
WhyMinorityStudentsDon’tGraduatefromCollegeA)BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowd
A、Quitdrinkingwithher.B、Breakwiththoseso-calledfriends.C、GotoAlcoholicsAnonymouswithher.D、Meetpeopleandkeepcl
MyfavoriteT.V.show?"TheTwilightZone."I【B1】______liketheepisodecalled"ThePrinter’sDevil."It’saboutanewspapered
Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillca
随机试题
A、Housesaremuchmorequiet.B、Housesprovidemoreprivacy.C、Theywanttohavemorespace.D、Theywantagardenoftheirown.
数字签名与书面文件签名有相同之处,可以做到既保证_______无法否认自己的签名,又保证_______无法伪造发送方的签名,还可以作为信息收发双方对某些有争议信息的法律依据。而且,它除了具有手工签名的全部功能外,还具有_______、_______、___
第1房间孔位于()
A.氟哌啶醇B.舒必利C.利培酮D.奥氮平E.氯氮平注射剂常用于处理精神科的急诊问题,也适用于老年或伴有躯体疾患的兴奋躁动的精神病患者
急性肾小球肾炎多发于()
19世纪中叶起,沿海一带的上海、广州等城市近代房地产业产生并迅速发展,但这些都是以()的私有制为基础。
(2008年)在区间[0,2π]上,曲线y=sinx与y=cosx之间所围图形的面积是()。
设备安装承包单位进行设备试运行由()批准。
教师职业道德在全社会道德体系中处于()和主干地位。
Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
最新回复
(
0
)