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  3. The willingness of doctors at several major medical centers to apologize .to patients for harmful errors is a promising step tow

The willingness of doctors at several major medical centers to apologize .to patients for harmful errors is a promising step tow

admin2011-03-11  100
问题     The willingness of doctors at several major medical centers to apologize .to patients for harmful errors is a promising step toward improving the rather disappointing quality of a medical system that kills tens of thousands of innocent patients a year inadvertently.
    For years, experts have lamented that medical malpractice litigation is an inefficient way to deter lethal or damaging medical errors.  What they noticed,  simply put it, is that most victims of malpractice never sue, and there is some evidence that many patients who do sue were not harmed by a physician’s error but instead suffered an adverse medical outcome that could not have been prevented. The details of what went wrong are often kept secret as part of a settlement agreement.
    What is needed, many specialists agree, is a system that quickly brings an error to light so that further errors can be headed off and that compensates victims promptly and fairly. Many doctors, unfortunately, have been afraid that admitting and describing their errors would only invite a costly lawsuit.
    Now, as described by Kevin Sack in The Times, a handful of prominent academic medical centers have adopted a new policy of promptly disclosing errors, offering earnest apologies and providing fair compensation. It appears to satisfy many patients, reduce legal costs and the litigation burden and, in some instances, helps reduce malpractice premiums.  Here are some examples from colleges of the United States: at the University of Illinois,  of 37 cases where the hospital acknowledged a preventable error and apologized, only one patient filed suit; at the University of Michigan Health System, existing claims and lawsuits dropped from 262 in August 2001 to 83 in August 2007, and legal costs fell by two-thirds.
    To encourage greater candor, more than 30 states have enacted laws making apologies for medical errors inadmissible in court. That sounds like a sensible step that should be adopted by other states or become federal law. Such laws could help bring more errors to light. Patients who have been harmed by negligent doctors can still sue for malpractice, using other evidence to make their case.
    Admitting errors is only the first step toward reforming the health care system so that far fewer mistakes are made. But reforms can be more effective if doctors are candid about how they went astray. Patients seem far less angry when they receive an. honest explanation, an apology and prompt, fair compensation for the harm they have suffered.
From the last paragraph, we can infer that Doctors should describe the way they made mistakes in order to______.
选项 A、admit malpractices first
B、make less medical mistakes
C、avoid lawsuits
D、be forgiven
答案B
解析 此题考查基于原文的多处细节的推理。题干告知我们所考内容集中在最后一段，题目问：医生应该描述自己失误的情形，其目的何在。题中“the way they made mistakes”对应着文中的“how they went astray”，原文内容为：“如果医生能描述自己如何误入歧途(发生医疗失误)，那么改革会更有效”；而前一句内容解释了何谓“改革有效”，从前文“...reforming the health care system so that far fewer mistakes are made”可以看出医疗体系改革的目的在于减少医疗失误。综合以上信息，可以得知“医生描述自己如何失误”目的在于“使改革更有效”，即“减少医疗失误”，因此B选项正确。
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