首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
admin
2017-03-15
41
问题
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss 【C1】______, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
【C2】______—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example,【C3】______ Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off【C4】______ in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this【C5】______ or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for【C6】______.
Some people argue that【C7】______—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a【C8】______ for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies【C9】______, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole,【C10】______, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that 【C11】______, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when【C12】______ that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice.【C13】______. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but【C14】______. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments【C15】______ the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and【C16】______ paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials,【C17】______ of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even【C18】______. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing【C19】______. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s,【C20】______ to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
【C14】
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss reducing the debt burden, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
All around the edge of Africa—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example, just off the coast of Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off to a lifetime of slavery in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this dating from the 350 years or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for the start of an explanation.
Some people argue that colonialism brought limited development—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a vast plantation and mining site for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies to the European or Arab slavers, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole, for almost half a millennium, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is so poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that tropical diseases are rife, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when set against to the pattern that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice. Billions of dollars worth of it. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but the misuse of that term. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments do the political bidding of the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and another large chunk of it paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials, debt repayments and the purchasing of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even supposed to help poor people. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing one of the dominant ideologies. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s, supplying snow ploughs to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
选项
答案
the misuse of that term
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/FdCYFFFM
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
In1959,Hawaiibecamethefiftiethstateintheunion.【C1】________CongresssofarawayinWashingtonD.C.,howdoHawaiiansg
In1959,Hawaiibecamethefiftiethstateintheunion.【C1】________CongresssofarawayinWashingtonD.C.,howdoHawaiiansg
OxfordandCambridgeUniversityBoatClubshavebothtakentheopportunitytotraveltoSpainthismonthtotraininlesstestin
Likelyallthefannerswespeakto,theyappreciatethecity’sdonations,thoughtheyhavenotreceivedanything.
Healthsystemsstrengthening—which,inglobalhealthspeak,meansbuildingandreinforcingthestaff—mustcontinuetotakeplace
LudwigvanBeethovenwasanunhappygenius.Hehaddeepfeelingsthathecouldnotexpressinwords.Hefoundthewaytoexpress
文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部,东与广西相连,南与越南接壤,边境线长达438公里,总面积3万多平方公里,和海南省差不多。文山州有悠久的历史,境内发现过古人类牙齿化石,说明远古时期就有人类在此生息、劳动。文山州物产丰富,矿业开发前景良好,土特产
下面你将听到的是一段有关儿童发展的讲话。儿童的生存、保护和发展是提高人口素质的基础,直接关系到一个国家和民族的前途与命运。中华民族素有“携幼”、“爱幼”的传统美德,中国古语“幼吾幼以及人之幼”流传至今。中国政府一向以认真和负责的态度,高
下面你将听到一段有关中美贸易关系的讲话。在冷战结束后的新形势下,两国要不要及如何发展双边关系,是中美两国面临的重大课题。“永久正常贸易关系”的通过表明,在美国,支持发展中美关系的力量占了上风,美国政府、国会、工商企业界和公众的主流都支持以建设性的
如果你出身在收入排名前十位的美国家庭里,你会有三分之一的机会收人也排在美国前十位。然而,如果你出身在一个收入排在最后十位的家庭中,那么,你要跻身于富人的机会可能就微乎其微。这就是(所谓的)机会平等,在美国和世界上其他任何国家一样,富人总是越来越富,而穷人却
随机试题
《唐律疏议·名例律》:“诸犯私罪者,以官当徒者,五品以上,一官当徒二年;九品以上,一官当徒一年。若犯公罪者,各加一年当。以官当流者,三流同比徒四年。”“诸以官当徒者,罪轻不尽其官,留官收赎;官少不尽其罪,余罪收赎。”问题:唐律这一规定的立法宗旨
评价者根据某种绩效标准,把员工进行两两比较,并将每一次比较中表现好的员工记“+”。最后,根据每一名员工获得“+”的个数多少进行排序。这指的是绩效考核方法中的()
A.肺部局限性哮鸣音,β2受体激动剂疗效不佳 B.两肺满布哮鸣音,β2受体激动剂疗效较好 C.哮鸣音与湿哕音并存,对抗生素反应较好 D.两肺哮鸣音伴湿性哕音,忌用肾上腺素类药物 E.两肺散在干呜音,伴呼吸音减弱原发性支气管肺癌
A、Murphy征阳性B、麦氏点压痛C、Courvoisier征阳性D、舟状腹E、板状腹急性胆囊炎,可见
下列各物质的化学键中,只存在σ键的是()。
水利水电工程施工进度计划常用的表达方法有()。
与静压碾压相比,振动碾压具有的特点包括()。
当Ethernet交换机采用改进的直通交换时,它接收到帧的前多少字节后开始转发?()
以下叙述中正确的是()。
A、Justholdoutone’shands.B、Putone’sthumbupwards.C、Haveasignwithbiglettersonit.D、Bringnoluggageandbealone.C
最新回复
(
0
)