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  3. At all age and at all stages of life, fear presents a problem to almost everyone. "We are largely the playthings of our fears,"

At all age and at all stages of life, fear presents a problem to almost everyone. "We are largely the playthings of our fears,"

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问题     At all age and at all stages of life, fear presents a problem to almost everyone. "We are largely the playthings of our fears," wrote the British author Horace Walpole many years ago. "To one, fear of the dark, to another, of physical pain, to third, of public ridicule, to a fourth, of poverty, to loneliness...for all of us our particular creature waits in a hidden place."
    Fear is often a useful emotion. When you become frightened, many physical changes occur within your body .Your heartbeat and responses quicken, your pupils expand to admit more light, large quantities of energy producing adrenaline(肾上腺素)are poured into your bloodstream. Confronted with a fire or accident, fear can fuel life-saving flight(逃离).Similarly, when a danger is psychological rather than physical, fear can force you to take self-protective measures. It is only when fear is disproportional to the danger at hand that is becomes a problem.
    Some people are simply more vulnerable to fear than others. A visit to the newborn nursery of any large hospital will demonstrate that, from the moment of their births, a few fortunate infants respond calmly to sudden fear-producing situations such as a loudly slammed door. Yet a neighbor in the next bed may cry out with profound fright. From birth, he or she is more prone to learn fearful responses because he or she has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive.
    Further, psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears. A young man named Bill, for example, grew up with a father who regarded each adversity as a temporary obstacle to be overcome with imagination and courage. Using his father as a model , Bill came to welcome adventure and to trust his own ability to solve problems.
    Phil’s dad, however, spent most of his time trying to protect himself and his family. Afraid to risk the insecurity of a job change, he remained unhappy in one position. He avoided long vacations because "the car might break down." Growing up in such a home, Phil naturally learned to become fearful and tense.
Different responses of newborn infants to a loudly slammed door imply that_____.
选项 A、some people are inherently more easily affected by danger
B、people’s response to stimuli is not an inherited feature
C、some people seem to be very sensitive to noise
D、people sometimes seem to turn a deaf ear to noise
答案A
解析 文章第三段中讲到，有些人比其他的人更容易受到恐惧的攻击，并以刚出生的婴儿为例来说明原因。最后一句话对其中的原因进行了总结，“from birth，he or she is more fearful responses because he orshe has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive．”从出生起，他或她有更多的可怕的反映，因为他或她已经被遗传了一种更加敏感的恐惧倾向。可见，本题暗示了一些人与生俱来更容易受到危险的影响，A项符合文章的意思，所以应该选A。
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