首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
admin
2011-01-02
37
问题
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex ... into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization’s effects, but they agreed that it would transform women’s lives.
Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women’s economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women’s work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880’s created a new class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women’s work". The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
Women’s work bas changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women’s household labor remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home.
Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
选项
A、Mechanization of work has little changed the conditions of women.
B、Mechanization revolutionizes a society’s customary roles of its members.
C、Mechanization of work creates new jobs that did not exist previously.
D、Women’s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/F5uYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Theofficialresidenceofthe_____isatnumber10DowningStreet,London.
A、westernBangladeshonWednesdaynightB、northernBangladeshonMondaynightC、northernBangladeshonWednesdaynightD、western
1 Television—themostpervasiveandpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyrapidchangeandgrowth—ismovingintoanewe
1 OurheritageandourculturehavecausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegestur
A、Ten.B、Eleven.C、Twelve.D、Thirteen.C
PolicemanasaWriterIdecidedtobegintheterm’sworkwiththeshortstorysincethatformwouldbetheeasiestforthepo
根据“十五”期间的形势和任务,《纲要》提出今后五年经济和社会发展的主要目标是:国民经济保持较快发展速度,经济结构战略性调整取得明显成效,经济增长质量和效益显著提高,为到2010年国内生产总值比2000年翻一番奠定坚实基础。国有企业建立现代企业制度取得重大进
BadInvestmentTakeitfromabusinessman:TheWaronDrugsisjustmoneydownthedrain.AsaRepublican,I’mneithersof
随机试题
行政处罚听证程序应当公开进行,但()除外。
如果决策涉及的问题对组织来说非常紧迫,则这样的决策被称为___________决策。
诊断糖尿病的主要依据是()。
组织学检查为鳞状上皮癌的癌症多见于
新生儿消化系统特点中,错误的是
已知某公司2012年会计报表的有关资料如表所示。该公司2011年按照平均数计算的资产负债率是50%,总资产周转率是1.2次,销售净利率是4.5%。要求:计算杜邦财务分析体系中的2012年的下列指标:(时点指标按平均数计算)
PresidentCoolidge’sstatement,"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,"stillpointstoanimportanttruthtoday—thatbusinessin
We’lltryour______tohelpthem.
WildfiresdominatedthewesternpartsoftheUnitedStatesearlierthisyear,confirmingscientists’hypothesesthatitwouldbe
TheNewMathonCampusSexualImbalanceinCollegesAftermidnightonarainynightlastweekinChapelHill.N.C.,alarge
最新回复
(
0
)