首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By education, I mean the influence of the environment upon the individual to produce a permanent change in the habits of behavio
By education, I mean the influence of the environment upon the individual to produce a permanent change in the habits of behavio
admin
2015-05-29
25
问题
By education, I mean the influence of the environment upon the individual to produce a permanent change in the habits of behavior, of thought and of attitude.It is in being thus susceptible to the environment that man differs from the animals, and the higher animals from the lower.The lower animals are influenced by the environment but not in the direction of changing their habits.Their instinctive responses are few and fixed by heredity.When transferred to an unnatural situation, such an animal is led astray by its instincts.Thus the "ant-lion" whose instinct implies it to bore into loose sand by pushing backwards with abdomen, goes backwards on a plate of glass as soon as danger threatens, and endeavors, with the utmost exertions to bore into it.It knows no other mode of flight, "or if such a lonely animal is engaged upon a chain of actions and is interrupted, it either goes on vainly with the remaining actions (as useless as cultivating an unsown field) or dies in helpless inactivity".Thus a net-making spider which digs a burrow and rims it with a bastion of gravel and bits of wood, when removed from a half finished home, will not begin again, though it will continue another burrow, even one made with a pencil.
Advance in the scale of evolution along such lines as these could only be made by the emergence of creatures with more and more complicated instincts.Such beings we know in the ants and spiders.But another line of advance was destined to open out a much more far-reaching possibility of which we do not see the end perhaps even in man.Habits, instead of being born ready-made (when they are called instincts and not habits at all), were left more and more to the formative influence of the environment, of which the most important factor was the parent who now cared for the young animal during a period of infancy in which vaguer instincts than those of the insects were molded to suit surroundings which might be considerably changed without harm.
This means, one might at first imagine, that gradually heredity becomes less and environment more important.But this is hardly the truth and certainly not the whole truth.For although fixed automatic responses like those of the insect-like creatures are no longer inherited, although selection for purification of that sort is no longer going on, yet selection for educability is very definitely still of importance.The ability to acquire habits can be conceivably inherited just as much as can definite responses to narrow situations.Besides, since a mechanism—is now, for the first time, created by which the individual (in contradiction to the species) can be fitted to the environment, the latter becomes, in another sense, less not more important.And finally, less not the higher animals who possess the power of changing their environment by engineering feats and the like, a power possessed to some extent even by the beaver, and preeminently by man.Environment and heredity are in no case exclusive but always-supplementary factors.
Based on the example provided in the passage, we can tell that when a spider is removed to a new position where half of a net has been made, it will probably______.
选项
A、begin a completely new net
B、destroy the half-net
C、spin the rest of the net
D、stay away from the net
答案
D
解析
本题可参照第1段的when removed from a half finished home,will not begin again。因此D项是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/EuJYFFFM
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Themostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemost.Nothingcan【61】thejoyofdiscoveringforyourselfsomethingthatisimpor
Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn’tcutting,
71.Vacationswereoncetheprerogativeoftheprivilegedfew,evenaslateasthe19thcentury.Nowtheyareconsideredtherig
Therolesofadmissionintotheworldeconomynotonlyreflectlittleawarenessofdevelopingpriorities,theyareoftencomplet
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand1
Withoutfanfareorlegislation,thegovernmentisorchestratingaquietrevolutioninhowitregulatesnewmedicines.Therevolu
Mostofustelloneortwoliesaday,accordingtoscientistswhostudythesethings.Andwerarelygetcaught,becausethelie
Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIam
Forgetfootball.Atmanyhighschools,thefiercestcompetitionisbetweenCokeandPepsioverexclusive"pouringrights"tosel
随机试题
转换语法理论的代表人物是美国语言学家_______。
A、空白试验B、对照试验C、鉴别试验D、回收率试验E、精密度试验用已知量的纯物质作为试样,同法进行测定的试验()
30岁女患者,停经70天突然阴道出血,持续了10天,检查见:子宫正常大小,宫颈黏液见典型羊齿叶状结晶,应考虑为
A.龙胆草B.黄连C.柴胡D.升麻E.葛根
洛美沙星结构如下:对该药进行人体生物利用度研究,采用静脉注射与口服给药方式,给药剂量均为400mg,静脉给药和口服给药的AUC分别为40μg.h/ml和D36μg.h/ml。根据喹诺酮类抗菌药构效关系。洛美沙星关键药效基团是()
2014年度财务报告批准报出前,该公司董事会于2015年3月25日提出分派现金股利方案,该公司调整了报告年度财务报表相关项目的金额。()
下列审计程序中,每次审计都必须实施的是()。
根据下面材料回答问题。2011年某省工业用电量最多的季度是()。
根据利率期限结构理论中的预期理论,如果预期未来短期利率下降,则()
Afterthebirthofmysecondchild,Igotajobatarestaurant.Havingworkedwithanexperienced【C1】______forafewdays,Iwa
最新回复
(
0
)