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  3. Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing

Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing

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问题    Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the science. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power, nor is Picasso’s painting Guernica primarily a prepositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, rather than transcend that form.
   This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has no bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozart’s "The Marriage of Figaro"is surely among the masterpiece of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing mens. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the hales and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his composition reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits – the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach -- in strikingly original ways.
Why does the author suggest that the work of Beethoven was highly creative?
选项 A、Because he sought to become the only composer of his time to challenge accepted musical conventions.
B、Because he adopted a new principle of organization in his work by utilizing innovative strategies.
C、Because he creatively manipulated the accepted rules and forms governing musical composition.
D、Because he synthesized a transition between the older stylistic convention and the newer musical form.
答案C
解析 该题问：为什么作者认为贝多芬的作品具有很好的创造性?C项意为“因为他创造性地应用并驾驭音乐创作公认的规律和形式”。答案可见第二段倒数第三句起“据说贝多芬推翻现存规律，把音乐从传统的、令人窒息的禁锢中解放出来。可是，仔细地研究其音乐作品就会发现贝多芬没有推翻基本规律，相反，他是一位无与伦比的战略家，他开拓了音乐的界限——规则、形式和传统。这些他从前人，如海顿、莫扎特、亨德尔和巴赫那里，以独特的创造性继承下来的东西”。A项意为“因为他想成为当代惟一的向现存的音乐传统挑战的作曲家”；B项意为“因为他通过运用革新的战略在他的著作中采用了一种新的组织原则”；D项意为“因为他综合了老的风格传统和较新音乐形式之间的过渡”。这三项本文都没有涉及。
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